Restoration of Risk-Propensity During Sleep Deprivation: Caffeine, Dextroamphetamine, and Modafinil

Killgore, William D.S.; Grugle, Nancy L.; Killgore, Desiree B.; Leavitt, Brian P.; Watlington, George I.; Mcnair, Shanelle; Balkin, Thomas J.

doi:10.3357/asem.2259.2008

Cited by 56 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is particularly relevant in light of increasing number of persons seeking to maintain performance when sleepdeprived by taking stimulants. Stimulants may improve vigilance but their influence on other aspects of cognition, such as decision making, is less clear (Gottselig et al, 2006;Killgore et al, 2007Killgore et al, , 2008Huck et al, 2008). Our findings that SD shapes decision preferences independent of its effects on vigilance suggest that the traditional countermeasures may be ineffective in ameliorating the decision biases engendered by limited sleep.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying Sd-related Optimism Biasmentioning

confidence: 76%

Sleep Deprivation Biases the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Economic Preferences

Venkatraman¹,

Huettel²,

Chuah³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

187

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A single night of sleep deprivation (SD) evoked a strategy shift during risky decision making such that healthy human volunteers moved from defending against losses to seeking increased gains. This change in economic preferences was correlated with the magnitude of an SD-driven increase in ventromedial prefrontal activation as well as by an SD-driven decrease in anterior insula activation during decision making. Analogous changes were observed during receipt of reward outcomes: elevated activation to gains in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum, but attenuated anterior insula activation following losses. Finally, the observed shift in economic preferences was not correlated with change in psychomotor vigilance. These results suggest that a night of total sleep deprivation affects the neural mechanisms underlying economic preferences independent of its effects on vigilant attention.

show abstract

Section: Potential Mechanisms Underlying Sd-related Optimism Biasmentioning

confidence: 76%

Sleep Deprivation Biases the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Economic Preferences

Venkatraman¹,

Huettel²,

Chuah³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

187

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, sleep deprivation, which downregulates dopamine receptor expression (Volkow et al, 2012), resulted in decreased BART scores in healthy volunteers, and dextroamphetamine (but not modafinil) increased scores in this sleep deprived group (Killgore et al, 2008). Similarly, carriers of the 9-repeat dopamine transporter allele, which is thought to reduce dopamine availability in the striatum, were found to score slightly lower on the BART than did non-9-repeat carriers, likely due to diminished reward sensitivity (Mata et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evidence for normalization of risk taking by modafinil in chronic cocaine users

Canavan

Forselius

Bessette

et al. 2014

Addictive Behaviors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Modafinil, a wake-promoting agent used to treat sleep disorders, is thought to enhance cognition. Although modafinil has shown promise as a pharmacotherapy for the treatment of cocaine dependence, it is unknown to what extent cognitive effects may play a role in such treatment. We examined the effect of modafinil on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), a behavioral measure in which higher scores are purported to reflect a greater propensity for risk-taking. Thirty cocaine dependent individuals, enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of modafinil 400mg (n=12) versus placebo (n=18), were administered the BART during the second week of inpatient treatment for cocaine dependence. A comparison cohort of healthy participants (n=19) performed the BART under similar conditions. Modafinil treatment was associated with significantly higher BART scores (p=0.01), which were comparable to scores in healthy persons. BART scores in placebo treated participants were much lower than previously reported in healthy participants, and lower than those observed in the comparison cohort. As propensity toward risk taking is typically associated with higher BART scores as well as increased risk for substance use, our findings may reflect a novel aspect of cognitive impairment related to chronic cocaine use. Notably, the low BART scores reflect highly suboptimal performance on the task, and the observed effect of modafinil may indicate a normalization of this impairment and have implications for treatment outcome.

show abstract

“…In contrast, healthy sleep deprived subjects have shown increased risk-taking on various gambling tasks and questionnaires, such as the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS), the Evaluation of Risk (EVAR) scale, and the BART. 38,40,41 Possibly, sleepiness also increases risk-taking behavior in narcolepsy with cataplexy, but this effect is masked by their hypocretin deficiency. However, this would not explain the findings in the non-hypocretin deficient narcolepsy without cataplexy group.…”

Section: Risk-taking Impulsiveness and Sleepinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-Seeking Behavior in Human Narcolepsy

Dimitrova

Fronczek

Ploeg

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study Objectives: The hypocretin system enhances signaling in the mesolimbic pathways regulating reward processing and addiction. Because individuals with narcolepsy with cataplexy have low hypocretin levels, we hypothesized that they may be less prone to risk-and reward-seeking behaviors, including substance abuse. Design: Endpoints were performance on an array of psychometric tests (including the Eysenck Impulsiveness Scale, the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale, the Gormally Binge Eating Scale, and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory) and on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Setting: Tertiary narcolepsy referral centers in Leiden (The Netherlands) and Boston (USA). Patients: Subjects with narcolepsy with cataplexy (n = 30), narcolepsy without cataplexy (n = 15), and controls (n = 32) matched for age, sex, and smoking behavior. Interventions: None. Measurements and Results: There was no difference in risktaking behavior between narcolepsy with or without cataplexy and the control group, as measured using the BART and the array of questionnaires. However, subjects in the narcolepsy with cataplexy group had significantly higher scores on the Eysenck Impulsiveness Scale (p < 0.05), with 10.0% categorized as impulsive, compared to 6.7% of the narcolepsy without cataplexy group and none of the controls. Narcoleptics with cataplexy also scored significantly higher than controls on the Binge Eating Scale (p < 0.05), with moderate or severe binge eating in 23%. On the depression and anxiety scales, all narcolepsy patients, especially those with cataplexy, scored significantly higher than controls. Conclusions:We found that narcoleptics with or without cataplexy generally have normal risk-taking behavior, but narcoleptics with cataplexy were more impulsive and more prone to binge eating than patients without cataplexy and controls. Our findings shed new light on the relation between sleepiness and impulsiveness. Furthermore, rates of depression and anxiety were higher in all narcoleptic subjects. However, using the current methods, no evidence could be found to support the hypothesis that hypocretin deficiency would affect reward-processing in humans. Keywords: Narcolepsy, cataplexy, hypocretin, orexin, risktaking, addiction, reward-seeking, substance abuse, sleep, sleepiness Citation: Dimitrova A; Fronczek R; Van der Ploeg J; Scammell T; Gautam S; Pascual-Leone A; Lammers GJ. Rewardseeking behavior in human narcolepsy. S C I E N T I F I C I N V E S T I G A T I O N SN arcolepsy with cataplexy is caused by an extensive loss of the neurons producing the hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptides. 1,2 Loss of these essential signaling molecules results in chronic daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and other REM sleep associated phenomena. 3 In addition, considerable research indicates that the hypocretin system enhances signaling in the mesolimbic pathways that regulate reward processing and addiction, and hypocretin is now considered a key factor in of the neural mechanisms of drug addiction. 4,5 In response to drugs of a...

show abstract

Restoration of Risk-Propensity During Sleep Deprivation: Caffeine, Dextroamphetamine, and Modafinil

Abstract: Stimulant medications, particularly dextroamphetamine, sustained risk-related attitudes and behavior during continuous wakefulness. The extent to which stimulants restore other aspects of judgment during sleep loss remains to be determined.

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Sleep Deprivation Biases the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Economic Preferences

Sleep Deprivation Biases the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Economic Preferences

Preliminary evidence for normalization of risk taking by modafinil in chronic cocaine users

Reward-Seeking Behavior in Human Narcolepsy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About