Restoration of pasture after topsoil removal: Effects on soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization, microbial biomass and enzyme activities

Ross, D. J.; Speir, T. W.; Tate, K. R.; Cairns, Annette; Meyrick, Karen F.; Pansier, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(82)90090-6

Cited by 81 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Sparling et al (2003) found that microbial C (likely related to C min in our study) was a more responsive indicator in monitoring topsoil recovery following landslips (shallow landslides) in New Zealand. Faster recovery of microbial C compared with total C also occurred at mine restoration sites (Ross et al 1982;Insam and Domsch 1988). In our study, the degree of recovery (a component of soil resilience) depended on the fraction in question.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Soil quality attributes, soil resilience, and legacy effects following topsoil removal and one-time amendments

et al. 2016

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Inter-relationships among soil erosion, soil quality, soil resilience, and legacy effects of organic amendments have not been adequately quantified. Topsoil was mechanically removed (cuts) to simulate erosion in semiarid southern Alberta in 1990. Three cuts (0, 10, and 20 cm) superimposed with three one-time (1990 only) amendment treatments (check, N + P fertilizer, and manure) were chosen for this study. In the absence of amendments, light fraction C (C LF ) and mineralizable C (C min ) recovered sufficiently by 2004 to render the cut effect nonsignificant. Organic C (C org ) responded more slowly with the 10-cm cut recovering to the 0-cm cut concentration by 2004, and the 20-cm cut (13.9 g kg −1 ) remaining significantly lower than the 0-cm cut concentration (16.3 g kg −1 ) through to 2012. Nitrogen fractions behaved similarly. Among cuts and years (2004 and 2012), C fraction values were 19-27% greater on the manure versus check treatment (17.5 vs. 14.7 g kg −1 for C org , 1.38 vs. 1.09 g kg −1 for C LF , and 650 vs. 531 mg kg −1 for C min ) demonstrating a strong legacy effect of manure. Water-stable aggregation exhibited a 22-yr legacy effect of manure. Our findings help quantify soil resilience following major disturbance and legacy effects of one-time manure application under semiarid conditions. Key words: soil resilience, legacy effect, topsoil removal, soil amendments, soil reclamation, soil organic matter, water-stable aggregation.Résumé : On n'a jamais quantifié de manière adéquate les liens qui existent entre l'érosion du sol, sa qualité, sa résilience et les effets rémanents des amendements organiques. En 1990, les auteurs ont retiré mécaniquement la couche de surface (coupes) du sol dans une région semi-aride du sud de l'Alberta afin de simuler l'érosion. Dans le cadre de leur projet, ils ont procédé à trois coupes (0, 10 et 20 cm), puis appliqué ponctuellement (en 1990 seulement) trois traitements (aucun amendement, engrais N + P, fumier). Sans amendement, la fraction de C légère (C LF ) et la fraction de C minéralisable (C min ) s'étaient suffisamment rétablies en 2004 pour que les répercussions de la coupe ne soient plus significatives. Le C organique (C org ) a réagi plus lentement, sa concentration dans la coupe de 10 cm étant revenue à celle de 0 cm en 2004, mais celle de la coupe de 20 cm (13,9 g kg −1 ) demeurant nettement sous la concentration relevée dans la coupe de 0 cm (16,3 g kg) jusqu'en 2012. Les fractions de l'azote se sont comportées de façon analogue. Lorsqu'on compare les coupes et les années (2004, 2012), on constate que la valeur des fractions de C est de 19 à 27 % plus élevée dans les parcelles amendées avec du fumier que dans les parcelles témoin (17,5 c. 14,7 g kg −1 pour C org , 1,38 c. 1,09 g kg −1 pour C LF , et 650 c. 531 mg kg −1 pour C min ), signe que les effets du fumier perdurent longtemps. Ainsi, ceux relatifs à l'agrégation stable à l'eau persistent pendant 22 ans. Ces constatations concourent à quantifier la résilience du sol après une forte perturbati...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Soil quality attributes, soil resilience, and legacy effects following topsoil removal and one-time amendments

et al. 2016

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“…The differences between RoW MBC levels were mostly not significant. Ross et al (1982) showed that sowing topsoil-stripped soil to pasture, and heavy fertilisation restored MBC more or less to its initial level after 4 yr even as SOC increased only slowly. Dick (1997) suggested that soil enzyme activity measurements can provide unique biological information about soil health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All biochemical reactions are catalysed by soil enzymes, and nutrient cycling in soil involves biochemical, among other, processes. Ross et al (1982) used soil enzyme activities, along with other biochemical properties to assess the effectiveness of soil reclamation because there is growing evidence that soil biological properties are sensitive to environmental stresses (Dick 1997). They reported that activities of soil enzymes such as phosphatase and urease increased with time after seeding topsoil-stripped soil to pasture, but after 3 yr had not attained the level measured on the undisturbed soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pipeline installation on crop yield and some biological properties of boreal soils

Soon

Rice²,

Arshad³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Pipeline construction on the Grey soils of the Canadian boreal plains, which have a thin Ah horizon, could have considerable impact on their properties and productivity. This study was conducted because the effects of pipeline installation on crop yield and biological properties of these soils have not been well-documented. Soil was sampled from a Grey Luvisol and a Dark Grey Solod prior to pipeline construction in 1991, and in each of the following 3 yr. The right-of-way (RoW) was divided into three zones: a road (or work) area used for vehicular traffic; a trench where the pipeline was buried; and a pile (or spoil) area where soil was stockpiled during construction. The RoW was cropped to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in 1992 through 1994. Barley yield was low in 1992 (830–1120 kg ha−1), and near average (2050–3290 kg ha−1) in 1993 and 1994. Except for low shoot P concentration (1.1–1.3 mg g−1) in 1992, macronutrient concentrations (N, P and K) in barley tissues were within normal ranges. Soil organic carbon was reduced by 12–28% in all RoW areas in 1993 and 1994. Soil total N was reduced by 29–49% in all RoWs in 1992 and increased slightly from those levels in 1993 and 1994. Pipeline construction affected soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the three RoW areas differently, and the effect was not consistent from year to year. However, the average level of MBC was not adversely impacted. In 1994, soil phosphatase activity in the RoW zones tended to be lower as compared to pre-pipeline installation, particularly in the pile area of the Dark Grey Solod. It is concluded that although some soil biological properties were degraded by pipeline construction, and barley yield was reduced in 1992, crop production in the following 2 yr was not significantly affected. Key words: Barley, carbon, microbial biomass, nitrogen, phosphatase, pipeline

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“…Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados por Stroo & Jencks (1985) em área sob mineração de carvão, verificando relação entre o teor do CO e de Nt com a atividade da fosfatase ácida. Em áreas sob mineração de manganês nos EUA e na Europa, a fosfatase ácida foi altamente afetada pela mineração, apresentando em torno de 28 % da atividade de uma área adjacente, não minerada, no entanto, quando estas áreas foram revegetadas com gramíneas e leguminosas, apresentaram aumento da atividade desta enzima promovida pela vegetação (Stroo & Jencks, 1982;Ross et al, 1982;Kiss et al, 1993), como confirmado pelos resultados aqui encontrados. Neste estudo, a atividade da fosfatase ácida não discriminou as áreas reabilitadas tanto da serra como do campo, demonstrando que, apesar de participação importante no ciclo do P, a revegetação da área promoveu o rápido retorno de sua atividade.…”

Section: Atividade Microbiana E Enzimática Do Solounclassified

Carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, biomassa e atividade microbiana do solo em duas cronosseqüências de reabilitação após a mineração de bauxita

Carneiro

Siqueira

Moreira

et al. 2008

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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(4) RESUMO A mineração é uma das atividades antrópicas que causa grande impacto nos ecossistemas e o grau de degradação depende da intensidade de interferência no solo, do volume explorado e do rejeito produzido. Os microrganismos do solo e sua atividade, por participarem de funções-chave, podem fornecer indicações sobre o real estado de reabilitação de áreas mineradas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto da atividade de mineração em duas cronosseqüências com diferentes estratégias (revegetação) de reabilitação em solos de área de mineração de bauxita sobre diversos atributos: C de compostos orgânicos (CO), N total do solo (Nt), biomassa microbiana, atividade enzimática e respiração do solo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em áreas pertencentes a Alcoa S/A, em dois ambientes distintos: (a) em áreas com vegetação típica de campo, predominantemente herbácea, em altitude inferior a 1.000 m, e (b) em áreas de montanhas, no topo do planalto, incluindo remanescentes de cobertura vegetal nativa representada por floresta subtropical subcaducifólia, a uma altitude de 1.600 m, denominadas serra, com características diferenciadas quanto à estratégia e ao tempo de reabilitação, variando de áreas recém-mineradas à áreas com 19 anos de reabilitação. Coletaramse amostras compostas com três repetições em oito áreas no campo e nove na serra, em duas profundidades (0-10 e 10-20 cm), no inverno e verão. A mineração de bauxita provocou grande impacto nos atributos estudados, causando reduções

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Restoration of pasture after topsoil removal: Effects on soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization, microbial biomass and enzyme activities

Cited by 81 publications

References 32 publications

Soil quality attributes, soil resilience, and legacy effects following topsoil removal and one-time amendments

Soil quality attributes, soil resilience, and legacy effects following topsoil removal and one-time amendments

Effect of pipeline installation on crop yield and some biological properties of boreal soils

Carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, biomassa e atividade microbiana do solo em duas cronosseqüências de reabilitação após a mineração de bauxita

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