Restoration of Heather Moorland and Lowland Heathland, with Special Reference to Pipelines

Putwain, P. D.; Gillham, D. A.; Holliday, R.

doi:10.1017/s0376892900020439

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The Calluna soil seed-bank does not exhibit a pronounced seasonal peak, producing a Type IV seed-bank as described by Thompson and Grime (1979). Well over 90% of the buried seeds are found within the top 50 mm of the podzolic heathland soils (Putwain et al 1982;Miller and Cummins 1987). European heathland species (Calluna and several Erica species) have fairly complex light and temperature requirements for germination, dependent on various intensities and exposure times (Pons 1989), 18°C being the optimum temperature for Calluna seeds (Grimstad 1985;Thomas and Davies 2002).…”

Section: Species In Focus: Calluna Vulgarismentioning

confidence: 89%

Prescribed burning of northern heathlands: Calluna vulgaris germination cues and seed-bank dynamics

et al. 2009

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The European coastal heathlands are important habitats for international conservation. Today, these low-intensity farming systems are threatened by the cessation of traditional management regimes, such as grazing and prescribed burning. In natural systems, the effects of fire on germination responses are often explained by adaptation to fire over extended periods of time. However, Northern heathlands are semi-natural systems with only a limited fire history. We investigated whether and how the keystone species in this system, Calluna vulgaris, responded to prescribed burning, based on previous findings where Calluna germinable seedbank densities showed a pronounced peak right after fire. Our main findings were (i) an ecophysiological response to smoke; (ii) a potential explanation for this pattern, revealed by a seed-bank experiment where we managed to re-create the germination pattern experimentally by using an aqueous plant-derived smoke solution; and (iii) a history of anthropogenic use of fire and the development of heathlands in the region documented through palaeoecological investigations.

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Section: Species In Focus: Calluna Vulgarismentioning

confidence: 89%

Prescribed burning of northern heathlands: Calluna vulgaris germination cues and seed-bank dynamics

et al. 2009

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“…The installation of pipelines across heathlands and moorlands in fact initiated some of the first restoration work on dwarf shrub communities (Gillham & Putwain, 1977;Putwain, Gillham & Holliday, 1982) from which standard techniques were developed and are now widely applied (e.g. Environmental Advisory Unit 1988).…”

Section: Dwarf-shrub Heathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological restoration and creation: a review

Anderson¹

1995

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…The dominant species or genera in the heathland seed bank were the same as in several other studies on north-west European heathlands: Calluna, Juncus spp., Carex pilulifera and Agrostis capillaris (Chippindale & Milton 1934;Miles 1973Miles , 1979Putwain, Gillham & Holliday 1982;Stieperere & Timmerman 1983;Mallik, Hobbs & Legg 1984). Only two of these studies (Chippindale & Milton 1934;Putwain, Gillham & Holliday 1982) give depth distributions, with most seeds of Calluna confined to the top 2 and 4 cm of soil, respectively.…”

Section: Seed Banks In Calluna Heathlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today only fragments of heathlands remain, often within nature reserves. The published accounts of heathland seed banks present mean seed densities of different species, usually for the top few cm of soil only (Miles 1973(Miles , 1979Putwain, Gillham & Holliday 1982;Stieperaere & Timmerman 1983;Mallik, Hobbs & Legg 1984). The published accounts of heathland seed banks present mean seed densities of different species, usually for the top few cm of soil only (Miles 1973(Miles , 1979Putwain, Gillham & Holliday 1982;Stieperaere & Timmerman 1983;Mallik, Hobbs & Legg 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Banks at Six Open and Afforested Heathland Sites in Southern Sweden

Granström¹

1988

The Journal of Applied Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. SUMMARY(1) Germinable seed banks in the soil were determined for six sites in southern Sweden: a grazed heathland, four first generation Picea abies plantations aged 30-73 years and one recently clear-felled area previously covered with an 85-year-old first generation P. abies plantation.(2) On the open heathland site, the top 6 cm of soil was estimated to contain twenty-two species with a total of 45 200 (S.E. 4200) seeds m-2, 88% being of Calluna vulgarism(3) The depth distributions of the predominant species down to 9 cm in the mineral soil varied greatly, although all species occurred through the whole sampled section, suggesting that many seeds were probably not recently deposited.(4) The four P. abies plantations had fairly similar soil seed floras. Twenty-four species were found, of which fifteen had probably been stored in the soil since before afforestation. Most seeds were of Calluna vulgaris (up to 26 600 (S.E. 2000) seeds m-2 down to 6 cm in the mineral soil for the different sites), Carexpilulifera (up to 2400 (S.E. 410) seeds m-2) and Juncus spp. (up to 780 (S.E. 250) seeds m-2). There was no trend in seed densities with stand age.(5) On the clear-felled area, dense stands of C. vulgaris and C. pilulifera were present, but only in scarified patches of soil, showing that the seeds of certain heathland species may survive an entire forest rotation in the soil in numbers sufficient to be important for the revegetation after felling if the humus layer is disturbed. * Nomenclature for vascular plants follows Tutin et al. (1964-80).

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Restoration of Heather Moorland and Lowland Heathland, with Special Reference to Pipelines

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Prescribed burning of northern heathlands: Calluna vulgaris germination cues and seed-bank dynamics

Prescribed burning of northern heathlands: Calluna vulgaris germination cues and seed-bank dynamics

Ecological restoration and creation: a review

Seed Banks at Six Open and Afforested Heathland Sites in Southern Sweden

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