Restless legs syndrome in older people: a community‐based study on its prevalence and association with major depressive disorder in older Korean adults

Kim, Won-Hyoung; Kim, Byung Soo; Kim, Shyn-Kyum; Chang, Sung-Man; Lee, Dong Hoon; Cho, Maeng-Je; Bae, Jae Nam

doi:10.1002/gps.2754

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There was a wide range of RLS prevalence in different South Korean studies, varying from 0.9% to 12.1%. 6,[15][16][17][18] This wide prevalence variation likely is attributable to the ranging stringency in criteria used to define RLS/WED. For example, in the study finding 12.1% prevalence, RLS/WED was considered if there was an affirmative answer to only 1 question: "Have you ever experienced an urge to move your legs or unpleasant sensations like creepy-crawling feelings in your legs before sleep?…”

Section: Asiamentioning

confidence: 98%

Restless Leg Syndrome Across the Globe

Koo

2015

Sleep Medicine Clinics

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Section: Asiamentioning

confidence: 98%

Restless Leg Syndrome Across the Globe

Koo

2015

Sleep Medicine Clinics

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“…(1) There is a well-known association between RLS and depression in all age groups including elderly. (2–4) Lifetime prevalence of depression is 19%–35% in persons with RLS, representing a greater than two-fold increased odds of depression compared to those without RLS. (5–7) Furthermore, in persons with RLS, the negative impact associated with depression on quality of life may exceed associations with sleep disturbance or RLS severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restless Legs Syndrome and Depression: Effect Mediation by Disturbed Sleep and Periodic Limb Movements

Koo

Blackwell

Lee

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Objective To investigate association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and depression and to what extent sleep disturbance, periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS), and antidepressant medication mediate this relationship. Methods Conducted was cross-sectional analysis of Osteoporotic Fractures in Older Men (MrOS) Study data in 982 men assessed for RLS (International RLS Study Group scale [IRLSS]) and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]), who underwent actigraphy (for sleep latency/efficiency) and polysomnography (for PLMS). Men were split into three groups: no RLS (n=815), mild RLS (IRLSS≤12, n=85), moderate-to-severe RLS (IRLSS>12, n=82). Depression was defined as GDS≥6. Logistic and linear regression assessed associations of RLS and depression or number depressive symptoms, respectively. Models were adjusted for age, site, race, education, BMI, personal habits, benzodiazepine/dopaminergic medication, physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors, and apnea-hypopnea index. Results Of 982 men, 167 (17.0%) had RLS. Depression was significantly associated with moderate-to-severe RLS after adjustment (vs. no RLS: OR [95% CI] 2.85 [1.23,6.64]). Further adjustment for potential mediators attenuated effect size modestly, most for sleep efficiency (OR 2.85 to 2.55). Compared to no RLS, moderate-to-severe RLS was associated with number of depressive symptoms after adjustment (adjusted means [95% CI]; no RLS: 1.14 [1.05,1.24] vs. IRLSS>12: 1.69 [1.32,2.11]). Further adjustment for potential mediators didn’t alter effect size. For men with PLMS index≥median, number of depressive symptoms significantly increased as RLS category became more severe. Conclusions Depression is more common as RLS severity worsens. The RLS-depression relationship is modestly explained by sleep disturbance and PLMS.

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“…Anxiety and depression are hallmarks of RLS [Sevim et al, 2004]. Subjects with RLS are >3 times more likely to have comorbid anxiety or depression and at even greater risk for having comorbid anxiety with depression [Winkelmann et al, 2005; Winkelman et al, 2006; Lee et al, 2008; Kim et al, 2012]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One predicted microRNA:mRNA interaction was disrupted by a SNP in the 3’UTR of the mitogen activated protein kinase gene (MAP2K5) , a GWAS gene for restless legs syndrome (RLS). Anxiety and depressive disorders frequently co-occur with RLS, and a common pathophysiology may account for this comorbidity [Sevim et al, 2004; Winkelmann et al, 2005; Winkelman et al, 2006; Lee et al, 2008; Kim et al, 2012]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of aMAP2K5microRNA target site SNP on risk for anxiety and depressive disorders

Jensen

Kranzler

Stein

2014

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Functional variants that contribute to genomewide association study (GWAS) signals are difficult to identify. MicroRNAs could contribute to some of these gene-trait relationships. We compiled a set of GWAS trait gene SNPs that were predicted to affect microRNA regulation of mRNA. Trait associations were tested in a sample of 6725 European-American (EA) and African-American (AA) subjects that were interviewed using the polydiagnostic SSADDA to diagnose major psychiatric disorders. A predicted miR-330-3p target site SNP (rs41305272) in mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MAP2K5) mRNA was in LD (d’=1.0, r2=0.02) with a reported GWAS-identified variant for restless legs syndrome (RLS), a disorder frequently comorbid with anxiety and depression, possibly because of a shared pathophysiology. We examined the SNP’s association with mood and anxiety-related disorders. Rs41305272 was associated with agoraphobia (Ag) in EAs (odds ratio[OR]=1.95, p=0.007; 195 cases) and AAs (OR=3.2, p=0.03; 148 cases) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in AAs (OR=2.64, p=0.01; 427 cases), but not EAs (465 cases). Rs41305272*T carrier frequency was correlated with the number of anxiety and depressive disorders diagnosed per subject. RLS was not evaluated in our subjects. Predicted miR-330-3p target genes were enriched in pathways relevant to psychiatric disorders. These findings suggest that microRNA target site information may be useful in the analysis of GWAS signals for complex traits. MiR-330-3p and MAP2K5 are potentially important contributors to mood and anxiety-related traits. With support from additional studies, these findings could add to the large number of risk genes identified through association to medical disorders that have primary psychiatric effects.

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Restless legs syndrome in older people: a community‐based study on its prevalence and association with major depressive disorder in older Korean adults

Abstract: Restless legs syndrome might be a risk factor for major depressive disorder in older Koreans. Future investigations should focus on the causality and mechanism underlying the relationship between RLS and major depressive disorder.

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Restless Leg Syndrome Across the Globe

Restless Leg Syndrome Across the Globe

Restless Legs Syndrome and Depression: Effect Mediation by Disturbed Sleep and Periodic Limb Movements

The effects of aMAP2K5microRNA target site SNP on risk for anxiety and depressive disorders

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