Resting state electroencephalography power correlates with individual differences in implicit sequence learning

Lum, Jarrad A. G.; Byrne, Linda K.; Barhoun, Pamela; Hyde, Christian; Hill, Aron T.; Enticott, Peter G.; Clark, Gillian M.

doi:10.1111/ejn.16059

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Detecting statistical dependencies benefit from bottom-up and model-free processing whereby correlations between elements can be discovered from the raw signal (e.g., Finn et al, 2014;Lum et al, 2023). Such an explanation accords well with the less-is-more hypothesis that attributes developmental advantages in early language acquisition, such as phonology or grammar, to limited attention and memory capacities (Newport, 1990).…”

Section: The Developmental Trajectory Of Speech-based Statistical Lea...mentioning

confidence: 59%

Sensitive periods in language development: Do children outperform adults on auditory word-form segmentation?

Smalle,

Bogaerts

2024

Preprint

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Children are more successful language learners than adults, yet the nature and cause of this phenomenon are still not well understood. Auditory statistical learning from speech has been a prominent focus of research in the field of language development because it is regarded as a fundamental learning mechanism underlying word segmentation in early language acquisition. However, a handful of studies that investigated developmental trajectories for auditory statistical learning found no clear child advantages. The degree to which the learning task measures explicit rather than implicit mechanisms might obscure a potential advantage for younger learners, as suggested by recent findings. In the present study, we compared children aged 7 to 12 years and young adults on an adapted version of the task that disentangles explicit and implicit contributions to learning. They were exposed to a continuous stream of speech sounds comprising four repeating trisyllabic pseudowords. Learning of the hidden words was tested (a) online through a target-detection task and (b) offline via a forced-choice word recognition test that included a memory judgement procedure. Both measures revealed comparable learning abilities. However, children’s performance on the recognition task showed evidence for both explicit and implicit word knowledge while adults appeared primarily sensitive to explicit memory. Since implicit memory is more stable in time than explicit memory, we suggest that future work should focus more on developmental differences in the nature of the memory that is formed, rather than the strength of learning, when trying to understand child advantages in language acquisition.

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Section: The Developmental Trajectory Of Speech-based Statistical Lea...mentioning

confidence: 59%

Sensitive periods in language development: Do children outperform adults on auditory word-form segmentation?

Smalle,

Bogaerts

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2022 ). Second, participants who have lower resting state theta power before commencing the SRT task, evidence superior implicit sequence learning ( Lum et al. 2023b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top-down and bottom-up oscillatory dynamics regulate implicit visuomotor sequence learning

Lum,

Barham,

Hyde

et al. 2024

Cerebral Cortex

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Implicit visuomotor sequence learning is crucial for acquiring skills that result in automated behaviors. The oscillatory dynamics underpinning this learning process are not well understood. To address this gap, the current study employed electroencephalography with a medium-density array (64 electrodes) to investigate oscillatory activity associated with implicit visuomotor sequence learning in the Serial Reaction Time task. In the task, participants unknowingly learn a series of finger movements. Eighty-five healthy adults participated in the study. Analyses revealed that theta activity at the vertex and alpha/beta activity over the motor areas decreased over the course of learning. No associations between alpha/beta and theta power were observed. These findings are interpreted within a dual-process framework: midline theta activity is posited to regulate top-down attentional processes, whereas beta activity from motor areas underlies the bottom-up encoding of sensory information from movement. From this model, we suggest that during implicit visuomotor sequence learning, top-down processes become disengaged (indicated by a reduction in theta activity), and modality specific bottom-up processes encode the motor sequence (indicated by a reduction in alpha/beta activity).

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“…Table 2 describes the scores for each attention de cit symptom scale. 40,41 . Signals were acquired using an EGI Net Amp 300 ampli er and saved on a G4 Macintosh computer using NetStation EEG Software (Version 4.5.4).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The level of cognitive functioning in school-aged children is predicted by resting EEG Directed Phase Lag Index

Charlebois-Poirier,

Davoudi,

Lalancette

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Quantifying cognitive potential relies on psychometric measures that do not directly reflect cortical activity. While the relationship between cognitive ability and resting state EEG signal dynamics has been extensively studied in children with below-average cognitive performances, there remains a paucity of research focusing on individuals with normal to above-average cognitive functioning. This study aimed to elucidate the resting EEG dynamics in children aged four to 12 years across normal to above-average cognitive potential. Our findings indicate that signal complexity, as measured by Multiscale Entropy (MSE), was not significantly predictive of the level of cognitive functioning. However, utilizing Directed Phase Lag Index (DPLI) as an effective connectivity measure, we observed consistent patterns of information flow between anterior and posterior regions. Fronto-parietal as well as local connectivity patterns were seen across most of the cognitive functions. Moreover, specific connectivity patterns were obtained for each intellectual quotient index (namely verbal comprehension, visuospatial, fluid reasoning, and processing speed indexes as well as full-scale intellectual quotient). These results underscore the presence of long-range connections and support fronto-parietal theories of cognitive abilities within the resting state brain dynamics of children.

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Resting state electroencephalography power correlates with individual differences in implicit sequence learning

Cited by 5 publications

References 92 publications

Sensitive periods in language development: Do children outperform adults on auditory word-form segmentation?

Sensitive periods in language development: Do children outperform adults on auditory word-form segmentation?

Top-down and bottom-up oscillatory dynamics regulate implicit visuomotor sequence learning

The level of cognitive functioning in school-aged children is predicted by resting EEG Directed Phase Lag Index

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