Resting-state connectivity and executive functions after pediatric arterial ischemic stroke

Kornfeld, Salome; Yuan, Rui; Biswal, Bharat B.; Grunt, Sebastian; Kamal, Sandeep; Rodríguez, Juan Antonio Delgado; Regényi, Mária; Wiest, Roland; Weisstanner, Christian; Kiefer, Claus; Steinlin, Maja; Everts, Regula

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.016

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, the IPL plays an important role in movement imagination and is related to the high-level regulation of the movement preparation stage. We speculated that dysfunction of the IPL may predict impairment of the ability to store and invoke motor information in SBG patients (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Functional Connectivity in Stroke Patients With Basal Ganglia Damage and Cognitive Impairment

Yao

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Background: Stroke with basal ganglia damage (SBG) is a neurological disorder characterized by cognitive impairment. The neurobiological mechanism of cognitive impairment in stroke patients with basal ganglia damage (SBG patients) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying neurobiological mechanism of cognitive impairment in SBG patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods: The differences in functional connectivity (FC) between 14 SBG patients (average age: 61.00 ± 7.45 years) and 21 healthy controls (HC) (average age: 60.67 ± 6.95 years) were examined using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and degree centrality (DC). Moreover, we compared the cognitive functions of SBG patients with HC using the Chinese Revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). Results: Full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) (t = 2.810, p < 0.010) and memory quotient (MQ) (t = 2.920, p < 0.010) scores of SBG patients were significantly lower than those of HC. Compared with HC, significantly decreased VMHC values in the bilateral angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, hippocampus, precuneus, precentral gyrus, and middle occipital gyrus and decreased DC values in the right supramarginal gyrus, bilateral angular gyrus, and right postcentral gyrus were observed in SBG patients. Moreover, the VMHC values in the angular gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus and the DC values in the right supramarginal gyrus were significantly correlated with cognitive functions in all participants. Conclusion: Our findings may provide a neural basis for cognitive impairments in SBG patients. Furthermore, local abnormalities of functional networks and interhemispheric interaction deficits may provide new ideas and insights for understanding and treating SBG patients' cognitive impairments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Functional Connectivity in Stroke Patients With Basal Ganglia Damage and Cognitive Impairment

Yao

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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“…Therefore, it is important to study cerebral, post-ischemic changes in detail. Diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and, more recently, resting state fMRI [10], have led to a better understanding of the structural and functional changes in the child’s brain after ischemia. A relatively new approach is arterial spin labeling (ASL), a non-invasive MRI technique that allows cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the brain to be quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral blood flow imbalance is associated with motor outcome after pediatric arterial ischemic stroke

et al. 2019

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Cerebral hemodynamics after arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children are largely unknown. This study aims to explore long-term cerebral perfusion balance of vital tissue and its relation to motor outcome after childhood AIS. Patients diagnosed with childhood AIS (≤16 years at diagnosis, time since stroke ≥2 years) and typically developing peers were examined. Hemiparesis was classified according to the Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure. Manual ability was assessed using the ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire. Cerebral blood flow was measured by arterial spin labeling and analyzed in the following brain regions: the hemispheres, the territory of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and in subregions of the MCA territory (MCA anterior, middle, posterior). To assess cerebral perfusion balance, laterality indices were calculated using cerebral blood flow in the ipsi- and contralesional hemisphere. Laterality indices were compared between stroke patients with and without hemiparesis, and peers. Twenty participants diagnosed with AIS were included (12 boys, 8 girls; mean age 14.46±4.96 years; time since stroke 8.08±3.62 years); 9 (45%) were diagnosed with hemiparesis. Additionally, 47 typically developing peers (21 boys, 26 girls; mean age 14.24±5.42 years) were studied. Laterality indices were higher in stroke patients and oriented to the contralesional hemisphere in all brain regions except the ACA territory and MCA posterior subregion. This was significantly different from peers, who showed balanced laterality indices. There was a significant correlation between laterality indices and manual ability, except in the ACA territory. AIS is associated with long-term alterations of cerebral blood flow in vital tissue, even in patients without hemiparesis. The degree of imbalance of cerebral perfusion in children after AIS is associated with manual ability.

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“…In one study of perinatal onset stroke, 29 children with arterial ischemic stroke had poorer general cognitive ability, and increased resting state connectivity of the left posterior periventricular elements of the default mode network compared with controls. In a study of executive function after childhood onset arterial ischemic stroke, 30 stroke patients had significantly reduced resting state connectivity between the right and left inferior parietal lobules. When the results of stroke patients were combined with controls, reduced inferior parietal lobule resting state connectivity was significantly associated with poorer performance on measures of fluency, processing speed, and conceptual reasoning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Stroke Impairs Theory of Mind Performance

Hoskinson

et al. 2019

J Child Neurol

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Aim: This pilot study explored whether childhood stroke impairs performance on theory of mind (ToM) tasks and whether ToM task performance correlates with resting state connectivity in brain regions linked with social cognition. Method: We performed a case-control study of 10 children with stroke and 10 age- and gender-matched controls. They completed 2 ToM tasks, and resting state connectivity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Children with stroke performed worse than controls on conative ToM tasks. Resting state connectivity in the central executive network was significantly higher and connectivity between right and left inferior parietal lobules was significantly decreased in children with stroke. Resting state activity and ToM performance were not significantly correlated. Interpretation: Childhood stroke results in poorer performance on specific ToM tasks. Stroke is associated with changes in resting state connectivity in networks linked with social cognition including ToM. Although the basis for these changes in connectivity is not well understood, these results may provide preliminary insights into potential mechanisms affecting social cognition after stroke. The findings suggest that further study of the effect of childhood stroke on network connectivity may yield insights as to how stroke affects cognitive functions in children.

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Resting-state connectivity and executive functions after pediatric arterial ischemic stroke

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Alterations of Functional Connectivity in Stroke Patients With Basal Ganglia Damage and Cognitive Impairment

Alterations of Functional Connectivity in Stroke Patients With Basal Ganglia Damage and Cognitive Impairment

Cerebral blood flow imbalance is associated with motor outcome after pediatric arterial ischemic stroke

Pediatric Stroke Impairs Theory of Mind Performance

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