Restenosis after Coronary and Peripheral Intervention: Efficacy and Clinical Impact of Cilostazol

Abstract

Restenosis is one of the main complications in patients undergoing coronary or peripheral revascularization procedures and is the leading cause for their long-term failures. Cilostazol is the only pharmacotherapy that showed an adequate efficacy for preventing restenosis in randomized, controlled studies after coronary or peripheral revascularization procedures. The present review sums up the main clinical evidence supporting the use of cilostazol after revascularization interventions, focusing on all its benefits, warnings, and administration schedules.

The effect of cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, on human hair growth with the dual promoting mechanisms

“…As previously mentioned, increasing cutaneous blood flow in the balding scalp enhances microcirculation, which may accelerate the growth of HFs [29][30][31]. Cilostazol is a vasodilator used to treat and prevent peripheral vascular diseases [9][10][11][12][13][14]; therefore, we believed that it could promote hair growth.…”

“…It also has an antiplatelet effect [7,8]. Cilostazol is widely used for the supportive treatment of chronic peripheral vascular diseases such as intermittent claudication [9,10] and other peripheral arterial occlusive disorders [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Moreover, it is widely used for the prevention of thrombogenesis and restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention [8,14].…”

Treatment Strategies for the Claudicant

“…Cilostazol is a selective phosphodiesterase III inhibitor and an effective therapy to improve symptoms and increase walking distance in patients with claudication. 31,32 Although there is an increase in adverse side effects like headache, diarrhea, palpitations, and lightheadedness, these are generally mild and treatable. Cilostazol should not be used in patients with history of heart failure.…”

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes With Drug Coated Balloons Versus Plain Balloon Angioplasty In Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia

“…However re-stenosis [RS] of these lesions remains a challenge. 2 Technology now makes it possible for delivery of antiproliferative agents to specific arterial segments or lesions; and this has been used in the form of drug eluting stents (DES) in the coronary circulation with excellent results. 3 These antiproliferative drugs reduce myointimal hyperplasia by decreasing smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.…”