Resposta floral e crescimento das nogueiras-pecã ‘Barton’ e ‘Shawnee’ pelo posicionamento cardeal

Abstract

The choice to cultivate is one of the main factors to be considered before the implementation of the pecan orchard (Carya illinoinensis). This is because it may influence factors such as production and yield to the producer, speed of development of the plant, greater resistance to diseases, early production, pollination and fruit characteristics. Its production stems from cross-pollination, as the male and female organs do not juxtapose in the maturity time. The degree of overlap between pollen release and pistil receptivity varies with the mode of cultivation. Thus, to ensure the possibility of high yields, two or more modes of cultivation should be performed concurrently through cross-pollination. This study aimed to compare the phenological development of two pecan crops in the four cardinal quadrants of an orchard located in southern Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a rural property in an orchard aged five years in the municipality of Morro Redondo (RS). Greater development was observed in the length of the branches in the south quadrant, with an average of 80.54 cm. In conclusion, in our study, the phenological development and growth of pecan branches occur differently due to the cardinal position. The branches in the west quadrant are smaller in length and diameter. In the Barton cultivar, the branches positioned in the South quadrant were larger in diameter and length, influencing the phenological development. Already, the cultivar Shawnee has not completed its production cycle. In addition, floral development in the 'Barton' branches occurred earlier in those in the western quadrant.