Resposta à temperatura de Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) originário de três regiões climáticas de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Response to temperature of Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) from three climatic regions of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck, 1912 presents higher mortality at constant temperatures above 25°C, and probably it is the cause of the failure on the biological control of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 when this parasitoid is used at higher temperatures in greenhouses. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different temperatures on individuals of A. colemani from different climatic regions of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Individuals of A. colemani were collected in the localities of Juramento, Lavras and São Gotardo, and reared in laboratory (22±2°C, 70±10% RH and 12h photophase) for three generations in the host A. gossypii, on cucumber plants. One mated female of A. colemani, 24-48 h old, was released for one hour, in a Petri dish (15cm) with 20 nymphs of 2 nd instar of A. gossypii on a leaf disk of cucumber (4 cm of diameter) laid on a layer of agar-water (1%). The parasitized aphids were kept at 16, 19, 22, 25 and 28±1°C, 70±10% RH and 12h photophase. The emergence rates of individuals from Juramento (65.9 and 35.4%) and São Gotardo (71.4 and 47.6%) were lower compared to those from Lavras (87.1 and 80.9%) at 16 and 28°C. The more suitable temperature for the development of A. colemani from Lavras was higher than those for individuals from Juramento and São Gotardo. The individuals from Lavras showed highest emergence at 28°C, and this demonstrated the existence of individuals of A. colemani with tolerance to higher temperatures. These results open news perspectives on the use of different strains of A. colemani on biological control of A. gossypii in protected cultivation.

Desenvolvimento e parasitismo de Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) e Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em duas cultivares de crisântemo

“…Embora alguns trabalhos na literatura enfoquem a biologia de A. colemani (Sampaio et al 2001, Sampaio et al 2005b) e L. testaceipes (Carnevale et al 2003, Rodrigues et al 2004) em A. gossypii, os mesmos avaliam cada espécie de parasitóide isoladamente e utilizam plantas hospedeiras e temperaturas diferentes. Nesse estudo foi possível a comparação do desenvolvimento e longevidade dos dois parasitóides, o que pode auxiliar nos processos de seleção e avaliação dos mesmos para programas de controle biológico.…”

“…As porcentagens de larvas de parasitóide encontradas após a a oviposição têm variado de 86% (Sampaio et al 2001) a 92% (Sampaio et al 2005b) para A. colemani e de 48% ) a 72% para L. testaceipes (Sampaio et al 2005b) em A. gossypii. A porcentagem de múmias formadas em pulgões parasitados foi de 65% a 68% para L. testaceipes (Rodrigues et al 2004) e de 86% a 91% para A. colemani (Sampaio et al 2005b A porcentagem de emergência foi alta para os dois parasitóides nas duas cultivares avaliadas. Para L. testaceipes foi de 91,6% em ninfas de A. gossypii mantidas em YS e de 85,3% naquelas em WR, sem diferença significativa.…”

Responses of Cereal Aphids and Their Parasitic Wasps to Landscape Complexity

“…First, the tropical climate in northern Parana State probably means that the parasitoids can survive actively (parasitizing) for a longer period. For example, the temperature during the assessments (around 20.54 C 6 1.45 C) was optimal for the development of aphidophagous parasitoids (Jones et al 2003, Rodrigues et al 2004, Sampaio et al 2005. Thus, the tropical climate in northern Parana allows aphidophagous parasitoids to appear in crops immediately after wheat emergence.…”

Host instar preference and functional response of Aphidius transcaspicus, a parasitoid of mealy aphids (Hyalopterus species)

“…It appears to be a specialist parasitoid of Hyalopterus species in its native range ), but can develop successfully on more polyphagous aphid hosts in captivity (Wang and Messing 2006). In contrast, A. colemani has been widely introduced around the world (Stary 1995;Takada 1998;Stary 2002) has a broad host range, and much is known of its reproductive and developmental biology, host preferences, and ecology (Jarosik and Lapchin 2001;Stary 2002;Jarosik et al 2003;Jones et al 2003;Lin and Ives 2003;Kalule and Wright 2004;Kavallieratos et al 2004;Perdikis et al 2004;Kalule and Wright 2005;Ode et al 2005;Sampaio et al 2005;Soglia et al 2006;Zamani et al 2006;Zamani et al 2007). Determination of predator preference for different types of prey has received much attention (Singer 2000;Underwood et al 2004;Manly 2006;Taplin 2007).…”