Responsive 3D Microstructures from Virus Building Blocks

Oh, Seungwhan; Kwak, Eun-A; Jeon, Soo; Ahn, Suji; Kim, Jong-Man; Jaworski, Justyn

doi:10.1002/adma.201401768

Cited by 13 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In 2D systems, the so called “coffee ring” effect is often an evident manifestation of pinning‐depinning events, yet for 3D fabrication the occurrence of pinning and depinning can result in surface roughness. Specifically, SEM images of 3D structures fabricated by fountain pen growth have shown instances of nanoscale surface roughness attributable to pinning‐depinning because rapid accumulation of material at the three‐phase contact line proceeds, trapping the material, then is quickly followed by rapid depinning as the meniscus is further drawn . Even more remarkably, the accumulation of particles at the meniscus during pinning can be exploited for the formation of 3D hollow structures by the electroless fountain pen technique .…”

Section: Theory and Approaches For 2d And 3d Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, SEM images of 3D structures fabricated by fountain pen growth have shown instances of nanoscale surface roughness attributable to pinning‐depinning because rapid accumulation of material at the three‐phase contact line proceeds, trapping the material, then is quickly followed by rapid depinning as the meniscus is further drawn . Even more remarkably, the accumulation of particles at the meniscus during pinning can be exploited for the formation of 3D hollow structures by the electroless fountain pen technique . It has recently been shown for micropipettes (4.4–25 µm diameter) filled with polymeric nanoparticles, that after forming a liquid bridge meniscus, rapid accumulation of nanoparticles at the edge of the liquid bridge meniscus leaves behind a deposited ring of concentrated polymer after solvent evaporation .…”

Section: Theory and Approaches For 2d And 3d Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progression in the Fountain Pen Approach: From 2D Writing to 3D Free‐Form Micro/Nanofabrication

Kim

Jaworski

2016

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The fountain pen approach, as a means for transferring materials to substrates, has shown numerous incarnations in recent years for creating 2D micro/nanopatterns and even generating 3D free-form nanostructures using a variety of material "inks". While the idea of filled reservoirs used to deliver material to a substrate via a capillary remains unchanged since antiquity, the advent of precise micromanipulation systems and functional material "inks" allows the extension of this mechanism to more high-tech applications. Herein, the recent growth in meniscus guided fountain pen approaches for benchtop micro/nanofabrication, which has occurred in the last decade, is discussed. Particular attention is given to the theory, equipment, and experimentation encompassing this unique direct writing approach. A detailed exploration of the diverse ink systems and functional device applications borne from this strategy is put forth to reveal its rapid expansion to a broad range of scientific and engineering disciplines. As such, this informative review is provided for researchers considering adoption of this recent advancement of a familiar technology.

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Section: Theory and Approaches For 2d And 3d Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theory and Approaches For 2d And 3d Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression in the Fountain Pen Approach: From 2D Writing to 3D Free‐Form Micro/Nanofabrication

Kim

Jaworski

2016

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“…6 Recently, we have also demonstrated an effective technique for generating tailored 3D microstructures using filamentous virus as the lone building material. 7 In the following work, we demonstrate that this approach can be extended to other biomaterials, namely collagen, for the direct writing of custom collagen microstructures as a scaffolds for directing cellular patterning and morphology. Moreover, we present several findings made with respect to the effects of vertex density (i.e., the number of intersecting collagen fibers per unit area) in layer by layer fabricated collagen patterns as well as the effects of pattern spacing on controlling cell spreading and alignment.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microfabrication of Custom Collagen Structures Capable of Guiding Cell Morphology and Alignment

2015

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The patterning of biological components into structural analogues of native tissues to simulate an environment for directing cell growth is one important strategy in biomaterials fabrication. It is widely accepted that chemical, mechanical, and topological cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) provide important signals for guiding cells to exhibit characteristic polarity, orientation, and morphology. To fully understand the delicate relationship between cell behavior and ECM features, biomaterials fabrication requires improved techniques for tailoring nano/microstructured patterns from relevant biological building blocks rather than using nonbiological materials. Here we reveal a unique approach for the nano/microfabrication of custom patterned biomaterials using collagen as the sole building material. With this new fabrication technique, we further revealed that custom collagen patterns could direct the orientation and morphology of fibroblast growth as a function of vertex density and pattern spacing. Our findings suggest that this technique may be readily adopted for the free form fabrication of custom cell scaffolds purely from natural biological molecules including collagen, among other relevant ECM components.

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“…Therefore, biological nanoobjects might be ideal building blocks for reconfigurable self-assembly. [22][23] In the current contribution, we shall investigate the thermo-responsive in situ structure reconfiguration of a naturally assembled state -the chiral nematic liquid crystal (CLC) phase of some rodlike viruses, such as the M13 virus. The M13 virus particle consists of a helical assembly of many copies of small major coat proteins surrounding an elongated, single-stranded, circular DNA genome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive Chiral to Nonchiral Ordering Transformation in the Nematic Liquid-Crystal Phase of Rodlike Viruses: Turning the Survival Strategy of a Virus into Valuable Material Properties

et al. 2015

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The current work investigates the thermoresponsive in situ chiral to nonchiral ordering transformation of a rodlike virus in the naturally assembled state-the chiral nematic liquid crystal (CLC) phase. We take this as an elegant example of reconfigurable self-assembly, through which it is possible to realize in situ transformation from one assembled state to another without disrupting the preformed assembly in general or going through a secondary assembling procedure of the disassembled building blocks. The detailed investigation presented here reveals many unique characteristics of the thermoresponsive 3D chiral ordering of rodlike viruses induced by heat stress. The chiral to nonchiral ordering transformation is highly reversible in the temperature range of up to 60 °C and can be repeated many times. There exists a critical temperature around 40 °C which is independent of the ionic strength and virus concentration. Such reconfigurable ordering in the CLC phase stems from the intrinsic structure change of constituent coat proteins without disrupting the structural integrity of the virus, as revealed by three analytical techniques targeting levels ranging from the molecular, secondary conformation of the constituent proteins to the whole single virus, respectively. Such structural flexibility, also termed polymorphism, is relative to the survival strategies of a biological organism such as the virus and can be transformed into very precious material properties. The potential of the virus-based CLC phase as the chiral matrix to regulate chiro-optical properties of gold nanorods is also presented.

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Responsive 3D Microstructures from Virus Building Blocks

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Progression in the Fountain Pen Approach: From 2D Writing to 3D Free‐Form Micro/Nanofabrication

Progression in the Fountain Pen Approach: From 2D Writing to 3D Free‐Form Micro/Nanofabrication

Microfabrication of Custom Collagen Structures Capable of Guiding Cell Morphology and Alignment

Thermoresponsive Chiral to Nonchiral Ordering Transformation in the Nematic Liquid-Crystal Phase of Rodlike Viruses: Turning the Survival Strategy of a Virus into Valuable Material Properties

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