Responsible innovation in port development: the Rotterdam Maasvlakte 2 and the Dalian Dayao Bay extension projects

Abstract

The paper outlines and specifies 'responsible port innovation', introducing the development of a methodological and procedural step-by-step plan for the implementation and evaluation of (responsible) innovations. Subsequently, it uses this as a guideline for the analysis and evaluation of two case-studies. The construction of the Rotterdam Maasvlakte 2 Port meets most of the formulated requirements, though making values more explicit and treating it as a process right from the start could have benefitted the project. The Dalian Dayao Port could improve its decision-making procedures in several respects, including the introduction of new methods to handle value tensions. Both projects show that public support is crucial in responsible port innovation and that it should be not only a multi-faceted but also a multi-level strategy.

The Role of Public Participation in Environmental Governance: Empirical Evidence from China

“…After that, the F statistic of the weak IV test increases to 14.28, indicating that residents' education level passes the weak identification test. In Model (13), the estimated coefficient of Complaints is significantly negative, with an absolute value realizing a large increase from |β 1 = −0.1477| in Model (4) to |β 1 = −0.4442|. The same increase (i.e., 4.43%) in public participation causes a 1.97% reduction in the discharge of industrial pollutants, almost three times more than that in Model (4).…”

“…Table 5 reports 2SLS estimation results with instrumental variables, and the first stage regressions are reported in its lower half. In addition, we take one-period-lagged environmental pollution in Model (11)- (13) in view of the hysteresis.…”

“…Due to the facts above, the sub-type of Proposals is eliminated in public participation, and accordingly, the instrumental variable of NPC deputies is also removed from Model (13). After that, the F statistic of the weak IV test increases to 14.28, indicating that residents' education level passes the weak identification test.…”

“…In 2011, a tropical storm caused a dam break in a chemical industry park in the city of Dalian, leading to pollution of the p-Xylene. A few days later, a large-scale demonstration broke out, which forced the relocation of this chemical industry park [13]. In 2012, in protest against a sewage disposal project that was dumping wastewater into the sea, a public petition broke out in the city of Nantong, which forced the local government to permanently cancel this kind of sewage disposal project [14].…”

Raising Awareness of Researchers-in-the-Making Toward Responsible Research and Innovation

“…The main characteristics of the Generation Z discussed in the previous section have pointed out that in case of applying science education in practice, we should not think of classic classroom teaching and traditional classroom solutions only but more modern techniques, too. In order to address this challenge, we analyzed the methods that were used to incorporate RRI thoughts into practice (see, e.g., Arentshorst, de Cock Buning, & Broerse, 2016;Deák & Lukovics, 2014;Fisher, 2007;Flipse & Osseweijer, 2013;Imreh-Tóth & Imreh, 2014;Kimmel, Toohey, & Delborne, 2016;Okada, 2016;Panzda & Ellwood, 2013;Pavie & Carthy, 2014;Ravesteijn, Liu, & Yan, 2015;Schuurbiers, 2011). We found that the methodological logic of Socio-Technical Integration Research (STIR) method seems to be a good solution, though it has been tested only among active researchers.…”