Responses of the flea beetles Phyllotreta nemorum and P. cruciferae to metabolically engineered Arabidopsis thaliana with an altered glucosinolate profile

Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Hansen, Mads L.; Agerbirk, Niels; Petersen, Bent Larsen; Halkier, Barbara Ann

doi:10.1007/pl00001835

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Eggs were placed on radish (Raphanus sativus) plants, and 2 d after hatching, caterpillars of equal size were transferred to 8-week-old rosette-stage Arabidopsis plants grown under short-day conditions as described above and weighed after 7 d of feeding. Flea beetle (Phyllotreta nemorum) feeding experiments were carried out according to Nielsen et al (2001).…”

Section: Permeability and Pathogen Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisDeficient in Cutin FerulateEncodes a Transferase Required for Feruloylation of ω-Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cutin Polyester

et al. 2011

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The cuticle is a complex aliphatic polymeric layer connected to the cell wall and covers surfaces of all aerial plant organs. The cuticle prevents nonstomatal water loss, regulates gas exchange, and acts as a barrier against pathogen infection. The cuticle is synthesized by epidermal cells and predominantly consists of an aliphatic polymer matrix (cutin) and intracuticular and epicuticular waxes. Cutin monomers are primarily C 16 and C 18 unsubstituted, v-hydroxy, and a,v-dicarboxylic fatty acids. Phenolics such as ferulate and p-coumarate esters also contribute to a minor extent to the cutin polymer. Here, we present the characterization of a novel acyl-coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acyl-transferase that is encoded by a gene designated Deficient in Cutin Ferulate (DCF). The DCF protein is responsible for the feruloylation of v-hydroxy fatty acids incorporated into the cutin polymer of aerial Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) organs. The enzyme specifically transfers hydroxycinnamic acids using v-hydroxy fatty acids as acyl acceptors and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs, preferentially feruloyl-CoA and sinapoyl-CoA, as acyl donors in vitro. Arabidopsis mutant lines carrying DCF loss-of-function alleles are devoid of rosette leaf cutin ferulate and exhibit a 50% reduction in ferulic acid content in stem insoluble residues. DCF is specifically expressed in the epidermis throughout all green Arabidopsis organs. The DCF protein localizes to the cytosol, suggesting that the feruloylation of cutin monomers takes place in the cytoplasm.The cuticle, a complex polymeric layer connected to the cell wall of epidermal cells, covers the surfaces of all aerial plant organs. The cuticle prevents nonstomatal water loss, regulates gas exchange, acts as a barrier against pathogen infection, and prevents organ fusions (Lolle et al., 1998;Sieber et al., 2000). The plant cuticle is synthesized by epidermal cells and predominantly consists of a lipophilic polymer matrix (cutin) and intracuticular and epicuticular waxes. Cutin monomers are primarily aliphatic C 16 and C 18 unsubstituted, v-hydroxy, and a,v-dicarboxylic fatty acids. Polyhydroxy fatty acids, fatty alcohols, phenolic acids such as ferulic and p-coumaric acid, and glycerol may also contribute to cutin composition in different plant species (Baker and Martin, 1963;Kolattukudy, 1980;Pollard et al., 2008;Samuels et al., 2008;Schreiber, 2010).In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), several enzymes have been identified to be involved in cutin monomer synthesis and polymerization processes, such as glycerol-3-phosphate acyl-transferases 4 and 8 (Li et al., 2007), Bodyguard (Kurdyukov et al., 2006), and Defective in Cuticular Ridges (DCR), a BAHD family enzyme involved in cutin polyester synthesis in Arabidopsis roots, flowers, and seeds. DCR mutant lines are characterized by an almost complete lack of 9 (10),16-dihydroxy-hexadecanoic acid, a major component of the flower cutin polymer, accompanied by several cuticle-associated phenotypic alterations in response to abiotic stresses (e.g. impa...

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Section: Permeability and Pathogen Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisDeficient in Cutin FerulateEncodes a Transferase Required for Feruloylation of ω-Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cutin Polyester

et al. 2011

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“…Camelina sativa was the least acceptable of 10 cruciferous taxa as food for the flea beetles Phyllotreta nemorum L. and P. cruciferae in a greenhouse experiment in Switzerland (Nielsen et al 2001). Contrary to the reports of C. sativa resistance to insect predation, Dimmock and EdwardJones (2006) reported flea beetle (P. cruciferae) predation on C. sativa grown in crop trials in Wales, UK, with leaves of young plants typically damaged by scattered holes.…”

Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 142. Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell.; C. microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.; C. sativa (L.) Crantz.

Francis¹,

Warwick²

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 142. Camelina alyssum (Mill.) The most common of the three species in North America, C. microcarpa, arrived in the late 19th century, and subsequently appeared at numerous crop and uncultivated sites across the country, probably in cargo as the railways expanded. Camelina alyssum appeared in the early 20th century at restricted sites on the prairies, mostly in Saskatchewan. All three species have diminished in importance as crop weeds in western Canada over the past few decades. This reduction could be related to increased weed control by herbicides. Herbicide-resistant biotypes have recently been reported in C. microcarpa. Camelina sativa has attracted renewed interest as an oil crop, because of an adaptation to various climatic conditions, low nutrient requirements and resistance to disease and pests. In Europe, where it is now widely grown, it has shown considerable potential in the food, animal feed, nutraceutical, paint, dye, cosmetic and biofuel industries. In North America, it is being grown on a trial basis mainly for its potential as a biofuel in Alberta, Saskatchewan, the Maritime Provinces, and the northern United States of America. Cet article dresse le bilan de l'information connue sur la biologie de trois adventices du groupe des crucife`res : Camelina alyssum, C. microcarpa et C. sativa. Camelina sativa qu'on utilise ou cultive pour son huile depuis plusieurs sie`cles en Europe, a e´te´la premie`re a`atteindre l'Ame´rique du Nord comme mauvaise herbe, vers le milieu du XIX e sie`cle. Elle s'est ensuite e´tendue peu a`peu aux Prairies, surtout dans les cultures, pour parvenir en Colombie-Britannique et jusque dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest. C. microcarpa, la plus commune des trois espe`ces en sol nord-ame´ricain, a e´te´introduite vers la fin du XIX e sie`cle avant d'apparaıˆtre dans de multiples cultures et terrains incultes du continent, sans doute avec l'expansion du transport des marchandises et du trafic ferroviaire. Camelina alyssum est survenue au de´but du XX e sie`cle a`quelques endroits des Prairies, principalement en Saskatchewan. Les trois espe`ces ont perdu de l'importance en tant que mauvaises herbes dans l'ouest du Canada ces dernie`res de´cennies. On le doit peut-eˆtre a`l'usage accru des herbicides pour lutter contre les adventices. Des biotypes re´sistants aux herbicides ont re´cemment e´te´signale´s pour C. microcarpa. Camelina sativa a suscite´un regain d'inte´reˆt comme ole´agineux, en raison de sa facilite´d'adaptation aux conditions climatiques, de ses faibles exigences nutritives et de sa re´sistance a`la maladie et aux ravageurs. En Europe, ou`on la cultive couramment, cette plante pre´sente un potentiel conside´rable comme culture vivrie`re ou fourrage`re, comme nutraceutique, ainsi que pour les industries de la peinture, des colorants, des cosme´tiques et des biocarburants. En Ame´rique du Nord, on la cultive expe´rimentalement en Alberta, en Saskatchewan, dans les Maritimes et dans le nord des É .-U., principalement en raison de son u...

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“…However, also Kliebenstein et al (2002) found herbivory by the specialist Plutella xylostella to be uncorrelated with variation in glucosinolates. Nielsen et al (2001) who used transgenic A. thaliana plants with a four-fold increase in total glucosinolate levels neither did find any effect on the suitability of A. thaliana for two specialist flea beetle species, Phyllotreta nemorum and P. cruciferae. The flea beetles did not discriminate between transgenic and wild type plants.…”

Section: Herbivores I a Total Gls Fumaric Acid Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the interaction between specialist herbivores and other members of the Cruciferae were consistent with our results. A survey of the literature (Nielsen et al 2001) shows that the majority of experiments demonstrate no effect of glucosinolates on specialist herbivores.…”

Section: Herbivores I a Total Gls Fumaric Acid Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucosinolates, especially their breakdown products that result from contact with myrosinase after tissue disruption, have long been known for reducing the palatability of leaf tissue to generalist herbivores (Chew 1988;Kliebenstein et al 2001). Specialist insect herbivores however, do not respond unequivocally to glucosinolate levels (Nielsen et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glucosinolates and other metabolites in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana from natural populations and their effects on a generalist and a specialist herbivore

et al. 2007

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Because many secondary metabolites in plants act as defense against herbivores it has been postulated that these compounds have evolved under selective pressure by insect herbivores. One explanation for the within-species variation in metabolite patterns in a particular species is that different populations are under selection by different herbivores. We tested this hypothesis, using Arabidopsis thaliana plants that originated from dune and inland areas. We analyzed Arabidopsis thaliana leaves using NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. Major differences in chemical composition were found in water-methanol fractions and were due to higher concentrations of sinigrin and fumaric acid in dune plants. Inland plants showed lower levels of glucose. Quantitative analysis of glucosinolates was performed with HPLC. Individual plants and populations demonstrated differences in glucosinolate composition and concentration. In growth chamber experiments, the generalist herbivore, Spodoptera exigua grew significantly better on the inland plants, while the specialist herbivore Plutella xylostella performed equally well on plants of both origins. Aliphatic glucosinolate as well as total glucosinolate concentrations negatively correlated with larval mass of Spodoptera exigua. No significant correlations, however, were found between larval mass of Plutella xylostella and glucosinolates in the leaves. A specialist and a generalist herbivore were responding differently to plant secondary chemistry, as was also found in several other studies. This is an important indication that differences in glucosinolate concentrations among populations may result from differential selection by different guilds of herbivores.

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Responses of the flea beetles Phyllotreta nemorum and P. cruciferae to metabolically engineered Arabidopsis thaliana with an altered glucosinolate profile

Cited by 59 publications

References 42 publications

ArabidopsisDeficient in Cutin FerulateEncodes a Transferase Required for Feruloylation of ω-Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cutin Polyester

ArabidopsisDeficient in Cutin FerulateEncodes a Transferase Required for Feruloylation of ω-Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cutin Polyester

The biology of Canadian weeds. 142. Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell.; C. microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.; C. sativa (L.) Crantz.

Glucosinolates and other metabolites in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana from natural populations and their effects on a generalist and a specialist herbivore

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