Responses of PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) in MCF-7 cells are culture condition dependent

The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) elicits estrogenic-like microRNA responses in breast cancer cells

“…Two published studies have questioned the ability of PhIP to induce oestrogenic responses in breast cancer cells (Evans et al, 2010;Immonen et al, 2009) (Lauber et al, 2004;Lauber and Gooderham, 2007). The ability of PhIP to induce oestrogenicdependent responses is also supported by the work of independent labs (Bennion et al, 2005;Okudaira et al, 2013).…”

“…The ability of PhIP to activate ERα therefore represents an alternative, epigenetic mechanism, through which PhIP may drive breast carcinogenesis. However, two studies have questioned whether PhIP can indeed exert oestrogen hormone-like effects (Evans et al, 2010;Immonen et al, 2009) and therefore the ability of PhIP to act as a xenoestrogen is controversial.…”