Responses of foraminiferal assemblages to ENSO climate patterns on bank reefs of northern Bahia, Brazil: A 17-year record

Kelmo, Francisco; Hallock, Pamela

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.009

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…We found that sponges appeared unaffected by the increase in seawater temperature and actually increased in abundance after the ENSO event. This is in stark contrast to all other benthic organisms in this study area that experienced mass mortalities, including Foraminifera, corals, echinoderms, bryozoans and ascidians [54], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45]. Our result suggest that tropical sponges in this region may have increased resilience to higher sea surface temperatures compared to other organisms, and this has potentially important implications for reef systems elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Annual average salinity varies little (35–36), although within reef-top shallow pools, salinity can range from 35 to 39 (see [52]). The pH of seawater varies only between 8.1 and 8.2, with no clear seasonal patterns (see [54], [55]). The coast is influenced by winds arising from the NE and E during the spring-summer, and winds coming from the SE and E during the autumn-winter season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tolerance of Sponge Assemblages to Temperature Anomalies: Resilience and Proliferation of Sponges following the 1997–8 El-Niño Southern Oscillation

Kelmo

Bell

Attrill³

2013

PLoS ONE

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Coral reefs across the world are under threat from a range of stressors, and while there has been considerable focus on the impacts of these stressors on corals, far less is known about their effect on other reef organisms. The 1997–8 El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) had notable and severe impacts on coral reefs worldwide, but not all reef organisms were negatively impacted by this large-scale event. Here we describe how the sponge fauna at Bahia, Brazil was influenced by the 1997–8 ENSO event. Sponge assemblages from three contrasting reef habitats (reef tops, walls and shallow banks) at four sites were assessed annually from 1995 to 2011. The within-habitat sponge diversity did not vary significantly across the study period; however, there was a significant increase in density in all habitats. Multivariate analyses revealed no significant difference in sponge assemblage composition (ANOSIM) between pre- and post-ENSO years for any of the habitats, suggesting that neither the 1997–8 nor any subsequent smaller ENSO events have had any measurable impact on the reef sponge assemblage. Importantly, this is in marked contrast to the results previously reported for a suite of other taxa (including corals, echinoderms, bryozoans, and ascidians), which all suffered mass mortalities as a result of the ENSO event. Our results suggest that of all reef taxa, sponges have the potential to be resilient to large-scale thermal stress events and we hypothesize that sponges might be less affected by projected increases in sea surface temperature compared to other major groups of reef organisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of Sponge Assemblages to Temperature Anomalies: Resilience and Proliferation of Sponges following the 1997–8 El-Niño Southern Oscillation

Kelmo

Bell

Attrill³

2013

PLoS ONE

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“…Low diversity, low density photosymbiotic assemblages are not atypical of marginal reefs and reefs influenced by ENSO climatic patterns (Kelmo and Hallock, 2013). Our…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Holocene benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate long-term marginality of reef habitats from Moreton Bay, Australia

Narayan

Lybolt

Zhao

et al. 2015

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Please cite this article as: Roshni Narayan, Y., Lybolt, Matt, Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yuexing, Pandolfi, John M., Holocene benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate long-term marginality of reef habitats from Moreton Bay, Australia, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (2014), doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…Therefore, according to Clausen and Roth [84], many species are able to acclimate physiologically to increased temperatures, a suggestion validated by recent studies [85], [86] as well as by the response displayed by F. gravida and S. stellata , which seemed quite resistant to the elevated temperatures recorded in northern Bahia during the ENSO period. However, even endemic species ( M.hispida and M.harttii ) or widely distributed [87], disease resistant [88] corals, such as P.astreoides , succumbed to excessive and prolonged periods of warming, such as the strong 1997–8 ENSO followed by the 1999–2000 strong La Niña-related conditions of increased rainfall and therefore increased runoff of terrestrial nutrients [34]. No significant step change in the studied community was noticed between 2001–2005 when thermal anomalies varying from 0.25°C to 0.75°C were reported for the coast of Bahia [26], nor during the 2009–10 ENSO that caused bleaching in another regions [89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annual average salinity varies little (35–36), although within reef-top shallow pools, salinity can range from 35 to 39. The pH of seawater varies only between 8.1 and 8.2, with no clear seasonal patterns (see [34]). The coast is influenced by winds arising from the NE and E during the spring-summer, and winds coming from the SE and E during the autumn-winter season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Impact and Subsequent Recovery of a Coral Assemblage following the 1997–8 El Niño Event: A 17-Year Study from Bahia, Brazil

Kelmo

Attrill²

2013

PLoS ONE

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The coral reefs of northern Bahia evolved in isolation from other Atlantic systems and under conditions of high environmental stress, particularly high turbidity. We have monitored the scleractinian assemblage of four shallow bank reefs (Praia do Forte, Itacimirim, Guarajuba and Abai) annually for 17 years since 1995, collecting quantitative data on diversity and density of coral colonies. As the sampling period included the 1997–8 El Niño event, the most severe on record, for the first time these results allow a quantitative assessment of the long-term impact of this major environmental stressor on such a coral assemblage. After El Niño, most species showed significantly reduced densities of colonies, this decline occurring for the subsequent two years without evidence of any new settlement until 2001. From 2000 to 2007 the species Porites astreoides went unrecorded. Recovery was slow, and multivariate analysis revealed that assemblages had not returned to the pre-El Niño state until 2011. It therefore took 13 years for full recovery of the coral assemblage to occur, which has consequences for reef systems if such El-Niño events become more frequent in the future.

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Responses of foraminiferal assemblages to ENSO climate patterns on bank reefs of northern Bahia, Brazil: A 17-year record

Abstract: false2016-03-16T23:02:09

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Tolerance of Sponge Assemblages to Temperature Anomalies: Resilience and Proliferation of Sponges following the 1997–8 El-Niño Southern Oscillation

Tolerance of Sponge Assemblages to Temperature Anomalies: Resilience and Proliferation of Sponges following the 1997–8 El-Niño Southern Oscillation

Holocene benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate long-term marginality of reef habitats from Moreton Bay, Australia

Severe Impact and Subsequent Recovery of a Coral Assemblage following the 1997–8 El Niño Event: A 17-Year Study from Bahia, Brazil

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