Responses of five almond cultivars to irrigation: Photosynthesis and leaf water potential

Gomes-Laranjo, José; Coutinho, João; Galhano, Victor; Cordeiro, V.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2005.11.007

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…7) and that the irrigation water supplied was not sufficient to alleviate the deficit of available water in deep soil layers. However, this trend disagrees with that reported by Gomes-Laranjo et al (2006) for young almond trees, under similar irrigation system, where a positive response of < wpd and P values to irrigation was observed. Such a difference may be attributed to the fact that almond trees were young and growing in the absence of herbaceous vegetation, and therefore with a root system still dependent on the upper soil layers.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Effects of soil management practices and irrigation on plant water relations and productivity of chestnut stands under Mediterranean conditions

Martins

Raimundo

Borges³

et al. 2009

Plant Soil

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The effects of different soil management practices and irrigation on plant water relations, physiological response and productivity of chestnut stands in Northeastern Portugal were assessed during four growing seasons (2003 to 2006). Treatments were: conventional soil tillage up to 15-20 cm depth with a tine cultivator thrice a year (CT); no tillage with spontaneous herbaceous vegetation (NV); no tillage with rainfed seeded pasture (NP); and no tillage with irrigated seeded pasture (NIP). Results suggest that soil water availability was the most critical parameter for chestnut productivity over the study period. In all treatments, high predawn leaf water potentials (-0.40 to -0.55 MPa) were observed during the dry seasons of 2003, 2004 and 2006, showing no critical conditions for plant productivity, which is ascribed to water availability in deep soil layers. In contrast, in 2005, an extremely dry year, water potentials decreased and varied from -1.46 to -1.72 MPa in late summer, showing unfavourable conditions for nut production. Maintenance of spontaneous herbaceous vegetation without irrigation enhanced productivity of chestnut stands as compared with the conventional tillage system and the no tillage system with seeded pasture. Productivity in the soil watering system (NIP treatment) was not significantly different from that observed in the NV treatment. Therefore, studies on the irrigation strategy should be developed, in order to increase its efficiency especially in stands with young trees.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Effects of soil management practices and irrigation on plant water relations and productivity of chestnut stands under Mediterranean conditions

Martins

Raimundo

Borges³

et al. 2009

Plant Soil

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“…The Ψ Stem and stomatal conductance records in LFDI were according to those reported by other authors such as GomesLaranjo et al, who established Ψ Stem ranges of -2.3 MPa to -2.9 MPa in non-irrigated almonds [35]. As stated by Chaves et al, stomatal aperture is governed by several weather and soil-water conditions [36].…”

Section: Plant Physiological Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Approach to assess infrared thermal imaging of almond trees under water-stress conditions

García-Tejero¹,

Durán-Zuazo²,

Arriaga³

et al. 2012

Fruits

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-Introduction. Optimising agricultural water use implies the combination of physiological, technological and engineering techniques, especially those for continuously monitoring the water status of plants subjected to deficit irrigation. A methodology to estimate water stress of young almond trees from thermal images was developed based on assessing the physiological status of almond crops under limited water-supply conditions. Materials and methods. Two irrigation treatments were tested during the maximum evapotranspirative demand period (214th to the 243rd day of the year) in an experimental almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill) D.A. Webb, cv. Guara] orchard: a low-frequency deficit irrigation (LFDI) treatment, irrigated according to the plant-water status, and a fully irrigated treatment (C 100 ) at 100% of crop evapotranspiration. Daily canopy temperature at midday (T C ) was measured with an infrared camera, together with standard measurements of stem-water potential (Ψ Stem ) and stomatal conductance (g S ). The time course of these parameters and their relationships were analysed. Results and discussion. The time course of the parameters studied showed highly significant correlations among the differentials of canopy-air temperature (ΔT), Ψ Stem and g S . The methodological protocol for analysing thermal images allowed a time saving in processing information and additionally offered the possibility of estimating the Ψ Stem and g S values. Conclusion. Our results confirm that infrared thermography is a suitable technique for assessing the crop-water status and can be used as an important step towards automated plant-water stress management in almond orchards.Spain / Prunus dulcis / canopy / temperature / infrared thermography / water requirements / soil water deficit Approche pour évaluer l'imagerie thermique infrarouge d'amandiers en conditions de stress hydrique.Résumé -Introduction. Optimiser l'utilisation de l'eau en agriculture implique de combiner des techniques physiologiques, technologiques et d'ingénierie, en particulier celles qui permettent de surveiller en permanence l'état hydrique de plantes soumises à un déficit d'irrigation. Une méthodologie pour estimer le stress hydrique de jeunes amandiers à partir d'images thermiques a été développée sur la base de l'évaluation de l'état physiologique d'arbres placés en conditions d'alimentation en eau limitée. Matériel et méthodes. Deux traitements d'irrigation ont été testés au cours de la période de demande evapotranspirative maximale (214e au 243e jour de l'année) dans un dispositif expérimental en verger d'amandiers [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb., cv. Guara] : un traitement avec une irrigation déficitaire à basse fré-quence (LFDI), irrigué en fonction du statut hydrique des plants, et un traitement irrigué à 100 % de l'éva-potranspiration des cultures (C 100 ). La température quotidienne du couvert à midi (T C ) a été mesurée à l'aide d'une caméra infrarouge, ainsi que des mesures standards du potentiel hydrique de la tige (Ψ Stem ) et de la con...

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“…This species is one of the oldest tree nut crops, and today represents the largest production of any commercial tree nut product. The response to water defi cit of almond trees is a well-documented process (Esparza et al , 2010Klein et al 2001 ;Gomes-Laranjo et al;2006, Rouhi et al 2007Egea et al 2010 ) . The results obtained on the agronomic response of almond trees to different defi cit irrigation strategies demonstrate the prevalence of direct and strong links between the intensity of the water restriction and the response of several parameters related to tree growth, yield and water status (Rouhi et al 2007 ;Egea et al 2010 ) .…”

Section: Almondmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…During periods of water defi cit, species of the genus Prunus show signifi cant decrease in gas exchange (RuizSánchez et al 2000a ;Besset et al 2001 ;Klein et al 2001 ) . The decrease of soil humidity, together with high values of vapour pressure deficit (VPD), causes reduction in leaf water potential (LWP), carbon assimilation and transpiration in different species of Prunus (Rieger and Duemmel 1992 ;Rieger 1995 ;Berman and DeJong 1996 ;Alar on et al 2000 ;Besset et al 2001 ;Esparza et al 2001 ;Klein et al 2001 ;Rieger et al 2003 ;Matos et al 2004 ;Romero et al 2004c ;Gomes-Laranjo et al 2006 ;Intrigliolo and Castel 2006 ;Dichio et al 2007 ;Godini et al 2008 ;Egea et al 2010 ) . Some studies also highlighted the activation of antioxidant defenses as a strategy to face drought-dependent oxidative stress in this genus (Scebba et al 2001 ;Sofo et al 2005 ;Sorkheh et al 2011 ) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Sustainable Fruit Production in Mediterranean Orchards Subjected to Drought Stress

Sofo

Palese

Casacchia³

et al. 2011

Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants

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Drought stress is the main cause of reduced fruit tree growth and productivity in Mediterranean semi-arid regions and causes a complex of responses at molecular, cellular, physiological and developmental level. In particular, the response of fruit trees to water scarcity is a species-and cultivar-dependent and a series of studies have been carried out to clarify and deepen the mechanisms of their adaptation, avoidance, resistance or tolerance against drought. Considering that 16% of the total cultivable land of the Mediterranean area is occupied by fruit crops, the choice of an appropriate and rational irrigation management is of key importance. Furthermore, plant water status in an orchard is related to many biotic and abiotic factors, such as the amount of light intercepted, plant densities and canopy architecture, which play a key role in determining orchard productivity and fruit quality. The recent research on the physiology of fruit trees and on soil chemical and biological fertility in fruit orchards have revealed that sustainable and innovative soil management systems, with a particular emphasis on water management (e.g., sustained defi cit irrigation, regulated defi cit irrigation and partial root-zone drying), can determine an optimal plant nutritional equilibrium, avoid nutrients accumulation and leaching risks, improve irrigation effi ciency and prevent soil erosion and root asphyxia. The application, optimization and innovation of sustainable agricultural techniques with a low negative environmental impact allow to recover or increase the normal levels of total fertility in fruit agro-ecosystems, so

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Responses of five almond cultivars to irrigation: Photosynthesis and leaf water potential

Cited by 35 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of soil management practices and irrigation on plant water relations and productivity of chestnut stands under Mediterranean conditions

Effects of soil management practices and irrigation on plant water relations and productivity of chestnut stands under Mediterranean conditions

Approach to assess infrared thermal imaging of almond trees under water-stress conditions

Sustainable Fruit Production in Mediterranean Orchards Subjected to Drought Stress

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