Response to selection in the initial stages of a perennial sorghum breeding program

Nabukalu, Pheonah; Cox, T. S.

doi:10.1007/s10681-016-1639-9

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Plants emerging from rhizomes rapidly produce vigorous new root systems and grow faster and larger than tillers emerging from aboveground nodes. In experimental plots, second-season grain yields from rhizomatous sorghum were similar to first-season yields [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Populations currently under evaluation are derived from zero, one, two, three or four backcrosses to S. bicolor. A three-year field trial, conducted by Nabukalu and Cox [7] Starting in 2014-2015, many F 1 and F 2 plants with phenotypes very different from those observed in previous years began appearing in TLI nurseries. In previous experience, all F 1 hybrids and F 2 populations from annual × perennial Sorghum crosses had phenotypes more similar to the perennial parent than to the S. bicolor parent: more profuse tillering and branching, longer panicle branches, thinner culms, greater height, smaller seed, and more tenacious glumes.…”

Section: Experimental Results and Progress In Germplasm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Populations currently under evaluation are derived from zero, one, two, three or four backcrosses to S. bicolor. A three-year field trial, conducted by Nabukalu and Cox [7] This retrospective study showed that grain yield and kernel weight had been improved by backcrossing and selection. Mean grain yield of the 2006 selections was 81% greater than that of the 2002 parental set (which was, in turn 120% greater than the yield of a S. halepense check entry).…”

Section: Experimental Results and Progress In Germplasm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, when TLI initiated a germplasm development program for perennial sorghum in 2002, parental sources of perenniality were limited to S. halepense and S. bicolor × S. halepense-derived perennial stocks that had been maintained in the years since Piper and Kulakow's research [7,13].…”

Section: Establishment and Genetic Analysis Of The Perennial Grain Somentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

et al. 2018

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Perennial germplasm derived from crosses between Sorghum bicolor and either S. halepense or S. propinquum is being developed with the goal of preventing and reversing soil degradation in the world's grain sorghum-growing regions. Perennial grain sorghum plants produce subterranean stems known as rhizomes that sprout to form the next season's crop. In Kansas, breeding perennial sorghum involves crossing S. bicolor cultivars or breeding lines to S. halepense or perennial S. bicolor n × S. halepense breeding lines, selecting perennial plants from F 2 or subsequent populations, crossing those plants with S. bicolor, and repeating the cycle. A retrospective field trial in Kansas showed that selection and backcrossing during 2002-2009 had improved grain yields and seed weights of breeding lines. Second-season grain yields of sorghum lines regrowing from rhizomes were similar to yields in the first season. Further selection cycles have been completed since 2009. Many rhizomatous lines that cannot survive winters in Kansas are perennial at subtropical or tropical locations in North America and Africa. Grain yield in Kansas was not correlated with rhizomatousness in either Kansas or Uganda. Genomic regions affecting rhizome growth and development have been mapped, providing new breeding tools. The S. halepense gene pool may harbor many alleles useful for improving sorghum for a broad range of traits in addition to perenniality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Experimental Results and Progress In Germplasm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Results and Progress In Germplasm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Establishment and Genetic Analysis Of The Perennial Grain Somentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

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“…[24], Kernza ® (Thinopyrum intermedium) [15], Sorghum (Sorghum spp.) [25] and Silphium integrifolium crops [26]. Some tropical perennial grain legumes already exist and are being grown either commercially or in subsistence settings, such as pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perennial Grain Legume Domestication Phase I: Criteria for Candidate Species Selection

et al. 2018

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Annual cereal and legume grain production is dependent on inorganic nitrogen (N) and other fertilizers inputs to resupply nutrients lost as harvested grain, via soil erosion/runoff, and by other natural or anthropogenic causes. Temperate-adapted perennial grain legumes, though currently non-existent, might be uniquely situated as crop plants able to provide relief from reliance on synthetic nitrogen while supplying stable yields of highly nutritious seeds in low-input agricultural ecosystems. As such, perennial grain legume breeding and domestication programs are being initiated at The Land Institute (Salina, KS, USA) and elsewhere. This review aims to facilitate the development of those programs by providing criteria for evaluating potential species and in choosing candidates most likely to be domesticated and adopted as herbaceous, perennial, temperate-adapted grain legumes. We outline specific morphological and ecophysiological traits that may influence each candidate's agronomic potential, the quality of its seeds and the ecosystem services it can provide. Finally, we suggest that perennial grain legume breeders and domesticators should consider how a candidate's reproductive biology, genome structure and availability of genetic resources will determine its ease of breeding and its domestication timeline.

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Development of novel perennial Sorghum bicolor × S. propinquum hybrids

et al. 2020

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Sorghum species provide a unique opportunity to develop perennial cropping systems due to their interspecific hybridization compatibility and phenotypic plasticity from annual to perennial life cycle. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is a diploid (2n = 2x = 20) annual species that does not produce rhizomes, whereas Sorghum propinquum (Kunth) Hitchc. is a diploid (2n = 2x = 20) perennial, rhizomatous species native to Asia and is considered a wild relative of S. bicolor. Because of their relatively close taxonomic relationship, S. bicolor × S. propinquum hybrids offer both valuable insights between annuals and perennials, as well as hybridization opportunities for the introgression of perennialism into a major cereal crop. The objective of this study was to characterize a novel S. bicolor × S. propinquum F 2 population for height, tillering capacity, days to flowering, and overwintering capacity. Our research identified F 2 hybrids exhibiting transgressive segregation for height, whereas hybrids were intermediate between the parental extremes for days to mid-anthesis and tillering capacity. Fortuitous harsh winter conditions in 2018 applied strong natural selection pressure for overwintering capacity, allowing for the identification of F 2 hybrids with greater overwintering capacity than S. propinquum. The present results provide both novel perennial sorghum germplasm resources and insight towards developing effective breeding programs for perennial cereal cropping systems.

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Response to selection in the initial stages of a perennial sorghum breeding program

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

Perennial Grain Legume Domestication Phase I: Criteria for Candidate Species Selection

Development of novel perennial Sorghum bicolor × S. propinquum hybrids

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