Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

Cox, Stan; Nabukalu, Pheonah; Paterson, Andrew H.; Kong, Wenqian; Nakasagga, Shakirah

doi:10.3390/su10010172

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Tetraploid perennial sorghum (Poaceaea): this new crop (2n = 4x = 40) was developed by backcrossing Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. to S. bicolor (L.) Moench) [12]. This grass perennates by spreading rhizomes but, in the breeding population described in this paper, not all genotypes produce rhizomes sufficiently cold tolerant to survive in Kansas.…”

Section: Botanymentioning

confidence: 97%

Progress and Bottlenecks in the Early Domestication of the Perennial Oilseed Silphium integrifolium, a Sunflower Substitute

et al. 2018

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Silflower (Silphium integrifolium Michx.) is in the early stages of domestication as a perennial version of oilseed sunflower, its close relative. Grain crops with deep perennial root systems will provide farmers with new alternatives for managing soil moisture and limiting or remediating soil erosion, fertilizer leaching, and loss of soil biota. Several cycles of selection for increased seed production potential following initial germplasm evaluation in 2002 have provided opportunities to document the botany and ecology of this relatively obscure species, to compare agronomic practices for improving its propagation and management, and to evaluate the differences between semi-domesticated and wild accessions that have accrued over this time through intentional and unintentional genetic processes. Key findings include: domestication has increased aboveground biomass at seedling and adult stages; seed yield has increased more, achieving modest improvement in harvest index. Harvest index decreases with nitrogen fertilization. Silflower acquires nitrogen and water from greater depth than typical crops. In agricultural silflower stands within its native range, we found that Puccinia silphii (rust) and Eucosma giganteana (moth) populations build up to unacceptable levels, but we also found genetic variation for traits contributing to resistance or tolerance. Breeding or management for reduced height and vegetative plasticity should be top priorities for future silflower research outside its native range.

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Section: Botanymentioning

confidence: 97%

Progress and Bottlenecks in the Early Domestication of the Perennial Oilseed Silphium integrifolium, a Sunflower Substitute

et al. 2018

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“…Wide hybridization is attractive because, if successful, the new hybrid species can largely inherit highly developed traits such as yield and end-use quality from the already domesticated annual parent. Challenges arise, however, when the chromosome sets (genomes) or number of chromosome sets (ploidy level) in the annual and perennial parents do not match and/or do not recombine during meiosis (see, for example, papers by Cox et al [27] and Hayes et al [28] in this volume).…”

Section: Breeding Perennial Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The issue also includes a review focusing on species in the legume family under consideration for domestication as pulse crops [34]. Progress on developing perennial grains through wide hybridization is described in reports on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor × S. halepense) [27], wheat (Triticum spp. × Thinopyrum spp.)…”

Section: Breeding Perennial Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies, Advances, and Challenges in Breeding Perennial Grain Crops

Crews

Cattani

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:The development of new perennial crop species is gaining momentum as a promising approach to change the fundamental nature of ecosystem processes in agriculture. The ecological argument for perennial crops grown in polycultures is strong, but until recently, perennial herbaceous grain crops have been absent from agricultural landscape. This is not because perennial herbaceous species do not exist in nature-there are thousands of perennial grasses, legumes, and other broad leaf plants. Rather, for a variety of reasons, early farmers focused on cultivating and domesticating annuals, and the perennial herbs were largely ignored. Today, we have a tremendous opportunity to explore another agricultural path. Building on contemporary knowledge of plant biology and genetics that early farmers lacked, and using a rapidly expanding toolbox that includes sophisticated genomic and analytical approaches, we can develop viable perennial grain crops. These crops can then be used to assemble diverse agroecosystems that regenerate soils and capture other important ecosystem functions.

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“…An alternative hypothesis is that reproductive yield and vegetative biomass may be selected for in concert. The agricultural context provides an entirely new adaptive landscape that may allow novel combinations of traits in herbaceous perennial species (e.g., high reproductive output and longevity), combinations that might be unfavorable in natural environments (Crews & DeHaan, 2015; Cox et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of seed size, germination, and vegetative allocation in annual and herbaceous perennial crops and their wild relatives inLupinusandPhaseolus(Fabaceae)

Herron

Ciotir

et al. 2019

Preprint

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word count: 294 17 Body text word count: 9241 18 Figure count: 3 (+1 supplementary) ABSTRACT 22 Herbaceous perennial species are receiving increased attention for their potential to provide both 23 edible products and ecosystem services in agricultural systems. Many legumes (Fabaceae Lindl.) 24 are of special interest due to nitrogen fixation carried out by bacteria in their roots and their 25 production of protein-rich, edible seeds. However, herbaceous perennial legumes have yet to 26 enter widespread use as pulse crops, and the response of wild, herbaceous, perennial species to 27 artificial selection for increased seed yield remains under investigation. Here we compare 28 cultivated and wild accessions of congeneric annual and herbaceous perennial legume species to 29 investigate associations of lifespan and cultivation with seed size, germination, and first year 30 vegetative growth patterns, and to characterize covariation among traits. We use "cultivated" to 31 describe accessions with a history of human planting and use, which encompasses a continuum 32 of domestication. Analyses focused on three annual and eight perennial Lupinus species, and 33 three annual and four perennial Phaseolus species. We found a significant association of both 34 lifespan and cultivation status with seed size (weight, area, length), germination proportion, node 35 Lifespan and cultivation in Fabaceae 2 number, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, and root dry mass. Wild seed size was greater in annuals 36 for Lupinus and greater for perennials in Phaseolus. Germination was lower in wild perennials 37 than wild annuals in both genera, and vegetative allocation was roughly equivalent across 38 lifespans in wild Phaseolus. Relative to wild forms, both cultivated annual and cultivated 39 perennial accessions exhibited greater seed size, lower germination proportion, and larger overall 40 plant size. Seed size traits were positively correlated with vegetative growth traits, and all 41 biomass traits examined here were positively correlated. This study highlights some basic 42 similarities and differences between annual and herbaceous perennial legumes, and provides 43 insights into how perennial legumes might respond to artificial selection compared to annual 44 species. 45 46

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Development of Perennial Grain Sorghum

Cited by 42 publications

References 23 publications

Progress and Bottlenecks in the Early Domestication of the Perennial Oilseed Silphium integrifolium, a Sunflower Substitute

Progress and Bottlenecks in the Early Domestication of the Perennial Oilseed Silphium integrifolium, a Sunflower Substitute

Strategies, Advances, and Challenges in Breeding Perennial Grain Crops

Comparative analysis of seed size, germination, and vegetative allocation in annual and herbaceous perennial crops and their wild relatives inLupinusandPhaseolus(Fabaceae)

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