Response to dietary protein during lactation of Meishan synthetic and European White sows fed to attain two levels of backfat at farrowing

Twelve Duroc gilts were used in order to study production and composition of milk during the lactation period and the litter performance under the single farrowing production system. Estrus was induced using PG-600 (400 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin + 200 IU of human corionic gonadotrophin) and the females were artificially inseminated at 171 ± 6 d and 95.1 ± 5.6 kg live weight. Daily milk production was determined according to the weigh-suckle-weigh technique at 1, 7, 14 and 21 d of lactation and colostrum and mature milk samples were collected at farrowing and on 8, 15 and 22 d of lactation. The sows net gain during pregnancy was of 49.1 ± 7.1 kg and during lactation their feed intake was of 3.4 ± 0.3 kg d -1 and their weight loss was 5.83 ± 2.5 kg. The production of milk increased in a linear way through the lactation period and the average daily production was very low (4.29 ± 0.7 kg). The contents of colostrum dry matter, gross energy and protein were higher than the mature milk but lower regarding fat and lactose. Dry matter, gross energy, protein and lactose contents in milk did not significantly vary during lactation. Nevertheless, an increase in fat content was found in the eighth day of lactation. The average daily gain in piglets was 130.4 ± 31.5 g and the milk conversion ratio was 3.47 ± 0.39 kg kg -1 . The protein level in lactation feed did not have a significant influence on sows and piglets performances.Additional key words: milk composition, milk yield, piglet performance. Resumen Nota corta. Resultados de lactación de cerdas Duroc sometidas al sistema de producción a un solo partoSe utilizaron doce cerdas Duroc, sometidas al sistema de producción a un solo parto, con objeto de estudiar la producción y composición de la leche y los índices productivos de los lechones. El estro fue inducido mediante PG-600 (400 UI de gonadotropina sérica de yegua gestante + 200 UI de gonadotropina coriónica humana) y las cerdas fueron inseminadas a los 171 ± 6 días con 91,1 ± 5,6 kg. La producción de leche fue estimada mediante la técnica de doble pesada de los lechones los días 1, 7, 14 y 21 de lactación y muestras de calostro y de leche fueron tomadas al parto y en los días 8, 15 y 22 de lactación. La ganancia neta de peso de las cerdas durante la gestación fue de 49,1 ± 7,1 kg y el consumo medio diario de pienso durante la lactación fue de 3,4 ± 0,3 kg y la pérdida de peso durante dicho período de 5,8 ± 2,5 kg. La producción media diaria de leche fue muy baja (4,29 ± 0,7 kg) durante la lactación, pero se incrementó linealmente desde el parto hasta el destete a los 21 días. Los contenidos de materia seca, energía bruta y proteína del calostro fueron superiores a los de la leche, mientras que los de grasa y lactosa fueron inferiores. Los contenidos de materia seca, energía bruta, proteína y lactosa de la leche no variaron significativamente durante la lactación, aunque se observó un aumento de la concentración de grasa el día octavo de amamantamiento. La ganancia media diaria de los lechones fu...

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“…These results agree with those reported by King et al (1993), Hurley and Bryson (1999) and Sinclair et al (1999). Table 1.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Short communication. Lactation performance of Duroc gilts under the single farrowing production system

Daza

Riopérez

Ovejero

2005

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…In the present study, feed intake of UM sows was lower than that of LW sows while water intake was similar. Van der Steen and de Groot (1992) also reported lower feed intakes in Meishan compared to Dutch sows but Sinclair et al (1996;1998b, 1999a noted greater feed intake in UM sows, in part due to a continued increase in feed consumption throughout lactation, whereas feed intake of white sows reached a plateau before the end of lactation. The water intake data reported here are novel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Yet, lactational performance of UM sows still differs from that of LW when backfat levels are standardized (Sinclair et al 1998a(Sinclair et al , 1999a. This suggests that factors other than backfat reserves are involved in the greater mothering ability of UM sows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactational performance, nursing and maternal behavior of Upton-Meishan and Large White sows

Farmer¹,

Palin²,

Sørensen³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Farmer, C., Palin, M. F., Sorensen, M. T. and Robert, S. 2001. Lactational performance, nursing and maternal behavior of Upton-Meishan and Large White sows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 487-493. The growth of litters from 19 Upton-Meishan (UM) and 16 Large White (LW) sows was recorded from birth to weaning (25 d of age). Water and feed intake of sows were recorded. Suckling behavior was studied on days 5 and 20 of lactation. Milk yield was measured on day 22 and a milk sample was obtained the next day. Water intakes were similar (P = 0.947) for both breeds, yet UM sows consumed less feed throughout lactation (P = 0.0002). Average piglet (P < 0.05) and total litter (P < 0.001) weights were greater as of day 7 in UM compared to LW sows. Mean piglet weight on day 24 was 6.13 ± 0.16 kg for UM litters and 5.33 ± 0.33 kg for LW litters. Suckling interval was similar for UM and LW litters on day 5 (P = 0.533), but was shorter for UM litters on day 20 (41.4 ± 1.2 vs. 48.3 ± 2.8 min; P = 0.060). On day 22, daily milk yield corrected for actual suckling interval was greater (10.59 ± 0.47 vs. 8.03 ± 0.65 kg; P = 0.003) in UM sows. Milk from UM sows contained more fat (P = 0.042) and lactose (P = 0.005). In conclusion, the greater growth rate of piglets from UM sows is mainly due to a higher frequency of nursings and to greater energy content of milk. La production laitière a été mesurée au jour 22 et un échantillon de lait obtenu le lendemain. La consommation d'eau était similaire pour les deux races (P = 0.947) tandis que les truies UM ingéraient moins d'aliments pendant la lactation (P = 0.0002). Les poids moyens des porcelets (P < 0.05) et totaux des portées UM (P < 0.001) étaient supérieurs à ceux des portées LW à partir de 7 jours postpartum. Au jour 24, les poids moyens des porcelets étaient de 6.13 ± 0.16 kg et 5.33 ± 0.33 kg pour les portées UM et LW, respectivement. L'intervalle entre les tétées était similaire pour les deux races au jour 5 (P = 0.533) mais plus court au jour 20 chez les UM (41.4 ± 1.2 vs 48.3 ± 2.8 min; P = 0.060). Au jour 22, la quantité totale de lait produite, corrigée pour l'intervalle de tétée mesuré, était supérieure chez les truies UM (10.59 ± 0.47 vs. 8.03 ± 0.65 kg; P = 0.003). Le lait des truies UM contenait plus de gras (P = 0.042) et de lactose (P = 0.005) que celui des truies LW. Donc, le meilleur taux de croissance des portées issues de truies UM comparativement à LW est relié à un intervalle plus court entre les tétées et à un lait plus riche en gras et en lactose.

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“…effect of differential fatness at farrowing by adjusting total feed intakes; however, in those experiments there were also large associated differences in protein mass, which could confound the interpretation of the results. More recent experiments (Sinclair et al, 1999a) have set out to achieve the comparison of animals with similar protein masses but differential fatness by feeding a set quantity of dietary protein and supplementing some animals with an energy source. However, no experiment has yet been designed to independently achieve differential body reserves of both protein and fat at farrowing by different feeding strategies during pregnancy and to measure the interactive effect of dietary protein during lactation on subsequent nutrient partitioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of gestation feeding strategy on body composition of gilts at farrowing and response to dietary protein in a modified lactation.

Sinclair¹,

Bland²,

Edwards³

2001

Journal of Animal Science

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Previous experiments have indicated that reproductive function in lean, modern genotypes may be more dependent on body protein mass than, as previously believed, on body lipid reserves. This was investigated in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, involving 60 first-parity sows, comparing three pregnancy feeding strategies and two lactation diets. During pregnancy, sows were fed either a basal diet (5 g lysine/kg, 13 MJ of DE/kg [C]) or the same quantity of basal diet + energy source [E], or additional basal diet supplying both protein and energy [A]. The level of supplement for E and A was adjusted weekly to achieve a backfat thickness measurement (P2 position) of 28 mm at farrowing. Isoenergetic lactation diets were fed to appetite and provided either high (180 g CP/kg, 9 g lysine/kg [H]) or low lysine (120 g CP/kg, 6 g lysine/kg [L]). From d 21 of lactation, sows were separated from their litters and housed next to a boar for 8 h each day; final weaning occurred on d 31. Pregnancy treatment differences in backfat and weight were achieved, with C sows having less backfat on d 1 of lactation than E and A sows (E = 28.1, A = 28.0, C = 22.7 kg, P < 0.001). Sows fed additional basal diet were heavier than E sows, which were heavier than C sows (E = 190, A = 201, C = 178 kg, P < 0.001). Average feed intake over lactation showed a pregnancy feeding effect, with E sows eating less than A or C sows (E = 4.9, A = 5.2, C = 5.4 kg/d, P < 0.005). Total lactation weight loss was affected by pregnancy feeding (E = 18.0, A = 19.0, C = 8.4 kg, P < 0.05) and by lactation diet (L = 19.0, H = 11.3 kg, P < 0.05), whereas total lactation backfat loss was affected only by pregnancy treatment (E = 6.9, A = 6.5, C = 4.6 mm, P < 0.05). No pregnancy treatment or lactation diet effects were observed for litter performance. Lactation diet affected weaning-to-estrus interval, with more sows on the H diet coming into estrus within 6 d of partial weaning (P < 0.05), but there was no pregnancy treatment effect. Therefore, voluntary feed intake during lactation was suppressed by increased fat reserves at a limited body protein mass but not when body protein mass was also increased. Partial weaning-to-estrus interval was increased by reduced dietary protein.

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Response to dietary protein during lactation of Meishan synthetic and European White sows fed to attain two levels of backfat at farrowing

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Short communication. Lactation performance of Duroc gilts under the single farrowing production system

Short communication. Lactation performance of Duroc gilts under the single farrowing production system

Lactational performance, nursing and maternal behavior of Upton-Meishan and Large White sows

The influence of gestation feeding strategy on body composition of gilts at farrowing and response to dietary protein in a modified lactation.

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