Response to: cytokine profile of autologous conditioned serum for treatment of osteoarthritis, in vitro effects on cartilage metabolism and intra-articular levels after injection

Moser, Carsten

doi:10.1186/ar3146

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, in this same study, no adverse effect of ACS occurred on cartilage explant cultures, suggesting that anti-inflammatory and possibly chondroprotective ingredients predominate in ACS. 6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical Factors Influencing Autologous Conditioned Serum Purification

Magalon

Bausset

Véran

et al. 2014

BioResearch Open Access

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Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is a recent biotherapy based on certain cytokines anti-inflammatory properties mainly used for the reduction of osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms. Here we investigated different physico-chemical factors influencing ACS purification and cytokine production. Human venous blood was incubated in the presence of different diameter beads (respectively 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 mm) or glass beads with different types of coating (polished or coated with CrSO4). Sera were recovered, and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory relevant cytokines were measured using Luminex® technology. Fresh whole blood incubated for 24 h highly increased production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 cytokines. At the same time, the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1Ra), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were slightly induced. The highest cytokine concentrations were obtained with the exposure of whole blood to 3-mm glass beads and 3.5-mm polished beads. The minimum IL-1β/IL-1Ra ratio obtained was 3.2±1.3 after 24-h incubation without any beads. ACS has been shown to alleviate clinical symptoms of OA in clinical studies. This descriptive study demonstrated that different pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are present in ACS since no selective anti-inflammatory cytokines were produced based on the different protocols. Furthermore, we showed that CrSO4-treated glass beads are not necessary and that the absence of beads combined with a 24-h incubation could also lead to an enriched serum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical Factors Influencing Autologous Conditioned Serum Purification

Magalon

Bausset

Véran

et al. 2014

BioResearch Open Access

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“…Various animal serums are added to chondrocyte culture media as they contain numerous nutrient components and cytokines. Notably, in the mid-1990s, a novel therapeutic strategy, the intra-articular injection of autologous conditioned serum (AcS; Orthokine) was developed, and has recently been demonstrated to be safe and effective in a number of clinical studies, and is widely adopted in Europe (11,12). AcS contains enriched anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1Ra, IL-10 and IL-13, and various growth factors, while maintaining low concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AcS contains enriched anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1Ra, IL-10 and IL-13, and various growth factors, while maintaining low concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. However, the elevated concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in AcS have no adverse effects on proteoglycan turnover in the cartilage explant cultures (12,13). As a result, understanding the regulatory mechanism of serum is needed to elucidate its effects on OA therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different roles of Akt and mechanistic target of rapamycin in serum‑dependent chondroprotection of human osteoarthritic chondrocytes

et al. 2017

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Despite various animal serums being used widely to culture chondrocytes, the regulatory mechanism of serum on chondrocyte activities has not been elucidated. In the present study, human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes were used to perform in vitro investigations on the effect of different concentrations of bovine fetal serum on extracellular matrix synthesis, cell proliferation and autophagy using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 analysis, a laser‑scanning confocal microscope, and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that 5% serum exerted a chondroprotective effect more than the other concentrations of serum, as it simultaneously promoted cell proliferation, autophagy, and ECM synthesis in human OA chondrocytes. Furthermore, the decreased mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and increased Akt were observed in 5% serum‑treated OA chondrocytes. Either mTOR or Akt inhibitor influenced the effect of 5% serum on cell proliferation and autophagy in human OA chondrocytes, which was associated with LC‑3B or B‑cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl‑2) signal molecules. Consistent with previous studies, the present study proposes that 5% serum promotes cell proliferation via the Akt/Bcl‑2 axis and induces autophagy via the mTOR/LC‑3B axis in human OA chondrocytes. Furthermore, the different roles of Akt and mTOR in the cell processes of human OA chondrocytes require consideration for preclinical and clinical therapy of OA.

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“…We thank Moser for his comments [ 1 ] on the paper [ 2 ] we published in a previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy . To dispel any concerns about the proper use of the product, the autologous conditioned serum (ACS) in this study was prepared in a GMP (good manufacturing practice) facility in strict accordance with the guidelines supplied by the manufacturer (Orthogen, Düsseldorf, Germany) and was injected six times at 3-day intervals in accordance with the instructions given.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%