Response surface methodology assisted biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using encapsulated mixed enzyme

Biodiesel has emerged as one of the most attractive alternative energy sources to meet the growing needs of energy. Many approaches have been adopted for biodiesel synthesis. In the present work, biodiesel was produced from non-edible Eruca sativa oil using nano-biocatalyst-catalysed transesterification. Nano-biocatalyst (CeO 2 @PDA@A. terreus Lipase) was developed via the immobilization of lipase on polydopamine coated ceria nanorods, and CeO 2 nanorods were developed via a hydrothermal process. The mean diameter of nanorods were measured to be 50-60 nm, while their mean length was 150-200 nm. Lipase activity before and after immobilization was measured to be 18.32 and 16.90 U/mg/min, respectively. The immobilized lipase depicted high stability at high temperature and pH. CeO 2 @PDA@A. terreus Lipase-catalysed transesterification resulted in 89.3% yield of the product. Process optimization through response surface methodology was also executed, and it was depicted that the optimum/maximum E. sativa oil-based biodiesel yield was procured at conditions of 10% CeO 2 @PDA@A. terreus Lipase, 6:1 methanol/oil ratio, 0.6% water content, 35 • C reaction temperature, and 30 h reaction time. The fuel compatibility of synthesized biodiesel was confirmed via the estimation of fuel properties that were in agreement with the ASTM D standard. The nanorods and dopamine-modified nanorods were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), while conversion of E. sativa oil to biodiesel was confirmed by GC/MS and FTIR spectroscopy. Conclusively, it was revealed that CeO 2 @PDA@A. terreus Lipase has potential to be employed as an emphatic nano-biocatalyst. IntroductionDepletion of petroleum reservoirs has stimulated the scientific community worldwide to search for alternate energy resources. Biodiesel has notable potential as an imperative green fuel [1]. The additional impacts of biodiesel production are to increase agricultural production and productiveness, to increase the income of rural communities, to lessen pollution, and to create new jobs [2]. Biodiesel is a biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, and green fuel with reduced CO and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) emission. Moreover, biodiesel has benefits such as appropriate lubricity, and no sulphur [3]. Biodiesel is widely manufactured using the transesterification process, which is catalyzed by numerous catalysts. Transesterification lowers the viscosity of feedstock oils [4] which reacts with alcohol, resulting in biodiesel. Many acidic and basic catalysts have been employed for the said purpose, but enzymatic catalysis is being promoted. The chemical methods of transesterification are considered to be problematic due to the production of poor-quality glycerol, the production of alkaline wastes, washing requirements, side reactions, and issues related to biodiesel recovery and purification. Therefore, enzymes are preferred over chemical catalysts in the transesterification to prepare biodiesel [5].Various lipases are frequently being used in the tr...

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“…Significant quadratic factors were revealed to be A 2 , B 2 , and C 2 . AC was the only significant first order interaction term [31].…”

Section: Anova For Biodiesel Yield Responsementioning

confidence: 90%

Synthesis of Lipase-Immobilized CeO2 Nanorods as Heterogeneous Nano-Biocatalyst for Optimized Biodiesel Production from Eruca sativa Seed Oil

et al. 2020

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“…These studies manifested that the reaction conditions to obtain Gliperol are similar to that for the production of Biodiesel. Likewise, this reaction has been studied over heterogeneous acid catalysts [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79] as well as using lipases as biocatalysts, either in solvent-free systems [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] or in ionic liquids [98][99][100][101]. Furthermore, many other innovative technologies have also been applied, such as supercritical conditions [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115]…”

Section: Biodiesel-like Biofuels That Integrate Glycerol As Glycerol mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel at the Crossroads: A Critical Review

et al. 2019

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The delay in the energy transition, focused in the replacement of fossil diesel with biodiesel, is mainly caused by the need of reducing the costs associated to the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils with methanol. This reaction, on an industrial scale, presents several problems associated with the glycerol generated during the process. The costs to eliminate this glycerol have to be added to the implicit cost of using seed oil as raw material. Recently, several alternative methods to convert vegetable oils into high quality diesel fuels, which avoid the glycerol generation, are being under development, such as Gliperol, DMC-Biod, or Ecodiesel. Besides, there are renewable diesel fuels known as “green diesel”, obtained by several catalytic processes (cracking or pyrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation and hydrotreating) of vegetable oils and which exhibit a lot of similarities with fossil fuels. Likewise, it has also been addressed as a novel strategy, the use of straight vegetable oils in blends with various plant-based sources such as alcohols, vegetable oils, and several organic compounds that are renewable and biodegradable. These plant-based sources are capable of achieving the effective reduction of the viscosity of the blends, allowing their use in combustion ignition engines. The aim of this review is to evaluate the real possibilities that conventional biodiesel has in order to success as the main biofuel for the energy transition, as well as the use of alternative biofuels that can take part in the energy transition in a successful way.

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“…Siekiant rasti efektyviausią ir ekonomiškiausią biologinės alyvos sintezės būdą, bandoma naudoti biologinius katalizatorius (Razack, Duraiarasan, 2016). Kadangi tepalai yra esteriai, paprastai jiems sintetinti naudojamos lipazės (Chen et al, 2011).…”

Section: įVadasunclassified

Biotechnological esterification of oleic acid with 2-ethylhexanol in biolubricant synthesis technologies

Cepaite¹,

Gumbytė²

2017

zemesukiomokslai

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The possibilities of waste materials re-use in biosynthesis of grease were investigated. In this paper, 2-ethylhexanololeate synthesis from 2-ethylhexanol and oleic acid using industrial enzymes is discussed. In order to select an effective enzyme for the mentioned synthesis, the selection of industrial lipases was carried out. During the reactions, acidity of the substances was measured and a chromatographic analysis was held to observe the reaction rate. After choosing the suitable lipase (Lipozyme TL IM), an experimental model was created. When all reactions from the plan were completed, optimal conditions were estimated. The process temperature was 41.04 °C, the duration of the process was 26.10 h, the molar ratio of 2-ethylhexanololeate and oleic acid was 2.35:1.16 mol/mol, and the enzyme quantity (according to acid quantity) was 9.91%.

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Response surface methodology assisted biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using encapsulated mixed enzyme

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Synthesis of Lipase-Immobilized CeO2 Nanorods as Heterogeneous Nano-Biocatalyst for Optimized Biodiesel Production from Eruca sativa Seed Oil

Synthesis of Lipase-Immobilized CeO2 Nanorods as Heterogeneous Nano-Biocatalyst for Optimized Biodiesel Production from Eruca sativa Seed Oil

Biodiesel at the Crossroads: A Critical Review

Biotechnological esterification of oleic acid with 2-ethylhexanol in biolubricant synthesis technologies

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