Response of winter wheat to the application rate of raw and digested sheep manure alone and supplemented with urea in Libyan desert soil

Abubaker, Jamal; Ibrahim, Nora; Alkanami, Maryam; Alaswd, Abdalla; El-Zeadani, Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00332

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This clear reduction of root growth may be related to both the rate and time of application as well as to the type of fertilizer used in our study, which are important factors for meeting plant needs particularly in dry/arid lands (Abubaker et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Although these chemicals do not induce lasting toxic effects in the environment (Zucconi et al, 1981a), long-term effects can occur from unstabilized organic material due to ammonium immobilization by soil microorganism, which makes it unavailable for plant utilization resulting in deficiency problems (Bengston and Cornette, 1973;Terman et al, 1973;Busby et al, 2007;Alburquerque et al, 2012;Abubaker et al, 2015). Furthermore, the low performance of digested manure might be due to the increased concentration of NH + 4 (Risberg et al, 2017), which can be lost to the atmosphere by volatilization especially from sandy soil (Ni et al, 2012) and has been generally related to a decrease of root growth (Zhang et al, 2017), or more specifically to the inhibition of the primary root elongation, root biomass (Tian et al, 2008;Giehl and von Wiren, 2014;Morris et al, 2017;Abubaker et al, 2020), and deep roots development (Comfort et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Biomass Distribution of Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila Afforestation Stands Is Affected by Watering Regimes and Fertilization in the Mongolian Semi-arid Steppe

et al. 2021

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Desertification of the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia is advancing very rapidly, motivating afforestation efforts. The “Green Belt” joint project (Government of Mongolia and Republic of Korea), which aims to mitigate soil degradation and develop agroforestry activities through the planting of a forest shelterbelt, is one such response. In these plantations, tree growth has been supported by different watering regimes (no watering, 2, 4, and 8 L h−1) and by two types of soil fertilization (NPK and Compost). The present paper analyses the effect of these techniques on soil chemistry and root biomass partitioning of Populus sibirica (Horth ex Tausch) and Ulmus pumila (L.) tree species. In July 2019, at the plantation site in Lun Soum, Tuv province (Mongolia), six trees were excavated by hand in each treatment, the root system was divided into taproot and five diameter classes (0–2; 2–5; 5–10; 10–20; > 20 mm), and the biomass was measured. Soil organic matter, macronutrients, and pH were also measured. The addition of fertilizers in the long-term did not enhance the soil chemical properties. The build-up of root biomass in both species correlated positively with increasing levels of the watering, while the application of fertilizers led to root growth suppression. For most of the root classes and both species, an irrigation level of 4 L h−1 was sufficient to yield the highest biomass and could be recommended for afforesting the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia. The root biomass of P. sibirica was more dependent on the watering regimes and of U. pumila was more negatively influenced by the application of fertilizers, indicating that U. pumila, due to the its lower water need, could be suitable for afforesting semi-arid environments. Our experiments suggest that afforestation practices in the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia should be supported by a prior analysis of plants' needs, soil type, dose, and type of fertilizers to be applied. Knowledge of the root response to the supporting techniques is necessary for choosing the best one for the plantation and, thus, to develop a sustainable and successful strategy to restore these degraded lands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Biomass Distribution of Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila Afforestation Stands Is Affected by Watering Regimes and Fertilization in the Mongolian Semi-arid Steppe

et al. 2021

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“…In the long term, ammonium immobilization by soil microorganisms may result in deficiency problems ( Bengston and Cornette, 1973 ; Terman et al, 1973 ; Busby et al, 2007 ; Alburquerque et al, 2012 ; Abubaker et al, 2015 ). Moreover, characteristics of the applied manure were associated with an increased concentration of ammonium, which was related to the inhibition of primary root elongation, and root biomass ( Tian et al, 2008 ; Giehl and von Wiren, 2014 ; Morris et al, 2017 ; Abubaker et al, 2020 ) and deep roots development ( Comfort et al, 1988 ). A similar reduction in rooting depth was found by Svoboda and Haberle (2006) in winter wheat fertilized with a high rate of nitrogen (200 kg ha −1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in our case, the root branching density in the upper soil layer was significantly lowered by the application of fertilizers. As for the other root traits discussed so far the observed reduction of root branching density may be related to both the rate and time of application as well as to the type of fertilizer used, which are important factors for meeting plant needs particularly in dry/arid lands ( Abubaker et al, 2020 ). In a review study, Jacobs and Timmer (2005) highlighted that fertilization may dramatically alter rhizosphere chemical properties and electrical conductivity leading to the inhibition of the root system growth by reducing soil osmotic potential and creating specific ion toxicities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization reduces root architecture plasticity in Ulmus pumila used for afforesting Mongolian semi-arid steppe

et al. 2022

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In this study, we assessed the functional and architectural traits in the coarse roots of Ulmus pumila trees, which are used for afforesting the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia. Tree growth was supported by different watering regimes (no watering, 2, 4, and 8 L h−1) and by two types of soil fertilization (NPK and compost). In July, 2019, for each of these treatments six trees, outplanted in 2011 as 2-year-old seedlings from a container nursery, were randomly selected, excavated by hand, and digitized. The build-up of root length correlated positively with increasing levels of watering for both soil depths analyzed. The application of fertilizers led to root growth suppression resulting in a general reduction of root length in a lowered rooting depth. When root system characteristics were analyzed in relation to wind direction, unfertilized trees showed higher root diameter values in both soil layers of leeward quadrants, likely a response to mechanical forces to improve stability. On the contrary, fertilized trees did not show differences in root diameter among the different quadrants underscoring a strong reduction in root plasticity with a lack of morpho-architectural response to the mechanical forces generated by the two prevailing winds. Finally, the root branching density, another important trait for fast dissipation of mechanical forces, was significantly reduced by the fertilization, independently of the quadrants and watering regime. Our results suggest that knowledge of the root response to the afforestation techniques applied in the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia is a necessary step for revealing the susceptibility of this forest shelterbelt to the exacerbating environmental conditions caused by climate change and, thus, to the development of a sustainable and successful strategy to restore degraded lands.

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“…In addition, for instance, Raw sheep manure outperforms digested sheep manure in terms of stimulating wheat growth and productivity. The addition of urea increased digested manure performance but added no substantial value to raw manure (Abubaker et al, 2020). Oktarini (2021) found that the application of organic fertilizer with urea has a very significant effect on plant growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Manure and Urea Fertilizer on Cocoa Growth (Theobroma cacao L.)

Sudarma

Hidayat

2022

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This research was conducted in Cingkam Mekhanggun Village, Lawe Alas District, Southeast Aceh Regency with a height of ± 250 meters above sea level. This research will be carried out from September 2020 to December 2020 with the aim of being able to determine the effect of manure and the correct dose of urea fertilizer in order to obtain the growth of cocoa plants. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 treatment factors and 2 replications, namely the first factor of manure (K) with treatment K1 = 100 gr / polybag, K2 = 200 gr / polybag and K3 = 300 gr / polybag. The second factor was Urea (U) fertilizer with 3 treatment levels U1 = 1 g / polybag, U2 = 2 g / polybag and U3 = 3 g / polybag, so that 9 treatment combinations were obtained. The results showed that manure could not increase the growth of cocoa seedlings, plant height, leaf area, stem diameter and biomass weight. The application of urea fertilizer cannot stimulate the growth of cocoa seedlings in the nursery. The treatment combination between manure and urea fertilizer cannot stimulate the growth of cocoa plants in the nursery

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Response of winter wheat to the application rate of raw and digested sheep manure alone and supplemented with urea in Libyan desert soil

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Root Biomass Distribution of Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila Afforestation Stands Is Affected by Watering Regimes and Fertilization in the Mongolian Semi-arid Steppe

Root Biomass Distribution of Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila Afforestation Stands Is Affected by Watering Regimes and Fertilization in the Mongolian Semi-arid Steppe

Fertilization reduces root architecture plasticity in Ulmus pumila used for afforesting Mongolian semi-arid steppe

Effects of Manure and Urea Fertilizer on Cocoa Growth (Theobroma cacao L.)

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