Response of walnut aphid populations to increasing foliar nitrogen content

Mace, Kevi; Mills, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1111/afe.12103

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Additional research is needed to confirm this assumption. Feeding by piercing-sucking herbivores is known to alter plant nutritional composition (e.g., Tobih et al 2002 , Xiao and Fadamiro 2010 , Cherry et al 2013 ), which in turn could affect the preference of these herbivores for host plants (e.g., Mace and Mills 2015 , Sétamou et al 2016 ). In the case of P. rubra , however, we found no evidence that feeding injury changes the composition of macro- (P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) or microelements (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, B, Na, and Al) in cranberry vines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Feeding Injury Caused by Phylloscelis rubra (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) to Cranberries

Rodriguez‐Saona

Kyryczenko-Roth

Schiffhauer³

et al. 2020

Journal of Insect Science

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Due to changes in pest management practices, farmers’ reports of severe feeding injury to cranberries, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton Ericales: Ericaceae, caused by the cranberry toad-bug, Phylloscelis rubra Ball, have increased in recent years in New Jersey (United States). Currently, however, limited information is available on the effects of P. rubra feeding or density of individuals needed to cause injury to cranberry vines and fruit. In 2015‒2017, we conducted studies to characterize injury to cranberry at a range of P. rubra densities by using cages in a screen-house and field, to establish a correlation between P. rubra density and crop injury in an open field experiment, and to measure the effects of P. rubra injury on the nutritional content (i.e., amounts of macro- and microelements) of cranberry vines. Phylloscelis rubra feeding on cranberry vines produced typical injury symptoms at relatively low densities (i.e., 2 individuals per vine in field cages or <10 individuals per sweep net sample in open fields), which included discolored (yellowish or reddish) or dead (brown) vines. This vine injury could lead to reductions in fruit mass and total fruit number. However, P. rubra injury to cranberry vines did not alter their nutritional composition. In general, this study highlights the ability of P. rubra to cause substantial injury to cranberry vines even when population densities were relatively low, which could result in declines in fruit production (quality and quantity). Therefore, infestations by P. rubra in cranberries must be considered when making pest management decisions in regions where this insect is present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Feeding Injury Caused by Phylloscelis rubra (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) to Cranberries

Rodriguez‐Saona

Kyryczenko-Roth

Schiffhauer³

et al. 2020

Journal of Insect Science

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“…Nitrogen (N) is one of the main limiting factors for the optimal growth of insects. Rashid et al (2016) stated that excessive and/or inappropriate use of inorganic fertilizers can cause nutrient imbalances and lower pest resistance, via produce more broad, succulent and fresh leaves which could serve as suitable surfaces for egg-laying, increase herbivore's feeding preference, food consumption, survival, growth, reproduction, and population density and reflected for heavy crop damage by insects (Mace and Mills, 2015). Shalaby et al (2012) showed that infestation by P. mixta Vill., S. ocellatella Boyd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Pests Infestation, Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet as Influence by Nitrogen, Potassium and Trace Elements Fertilizers

2021

Egyptian Journal of Applied Science

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Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha agricultural farm, Kafer El-Sheikh Governorate Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons, to study the impact of nitrogen in three rates 60, 80 and 100 kg N fed-1 , potassium with the rate of 24, 36 and 48 kg K 2 O fed-1 as soil application and, a mixture of three trace nutrients i.e. Zinc (1g/L), Manganese (1g/L) and Fe (2g/L) as a foliar application on insect infestation, yield and quality of sugar beet. The obtained results revealed that the infestation by beet fly, tortoise beetles and beet moth increased gradually and significantly by increasing nitrogen rate from 60 to 100 kg N fed-1. Further, increasing potassium fertilization caused significant reduction in insect infestation. Moreover, foliar application of the used mixture of trace elements significantly reduced infestation beet by P. mixta. At the same time, insignificant reduction on the other two pests has been detected. However, individual root specification, root yield, sugar yield, sucrose and purity were maximized corresponding to 80 kg N fed-1. More nitrogen application decreased all the studied traits except top yield and TSS. On the other hand, increasing potassium fertilizer from 24 up to 48 kg K 2 O fed-1 positively enhanced root diameter, root length, root weight, root, top, sugar yields/fed. and TSS. Nevertheless, sucrose and purity were maximized as potassium fertilized added at the rate of 36 Kg K 2 O fed-1. Moreover, foliar application of trace elements significantly improved all beet productivity characteristics and quality traits. To conclude that fertilizing beet plants with 80 kg N fed-1 , 36 kg K 2 O fed-1 with sprayed the mixture of trace elements maximizing yield and quality of sugar beet and had negative impact on pests under study.

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“…), which may release herbivores from N limitation and possibly leads to outbreaks of herbivore populations, especially of insect species (Karowe and Martin , Ball et al. , Mace and Mills ). However, it is also possible that N addition may sometimes decrease plant tissue quality (Tao et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N addition suppresses the performance of grassland caterpillars (Gynaephora alpherakjj) by decreasing ground temperature

Yang

Zhong

et al. 2017

Ecosphere

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Citation: Yang, Y., X. Xi, X. Zhong, N. Eisenhauer, and S. Sun. 2017. N addition suppresses the performance of grassland caterpillars (Gynaephora alpherakjj) by decreasing ground temperature. Ecosphere 8(3):e01755. 10.1002/ecs2.1755Abstract. Nitrogen deposition may stimulate plant biomass production and improve the quality of plant tissue, with both effects potentially facilitating herbivore growth and development. We hypothesized that simulated N deposition (N addition) would facilitate the growth and development of the grassland caterpillar Gynaephora alpherakjj, a notorious pest species in the alpine Tibetan meadow. We tested this hypothesis in two complementary experiments. The first field experiment tested N (ambient N levels vs. N addition) and caterpillar effects (caterpillar absence vs. presence) on plant community and sedge (major food plant species for caterpillars) biomass, growth, and development rate of the caterpillars, and microhabitat temperature. The second chamber experiment tested N addition effects through plant tissue quality on caterpillar performance. Results show that N addition increased the biomass and leaf N concentration of the sedge species, but decreased the feeding time, growth, and development rate of the caterpillars in the field experiment. The independent chamber experiment showed that increased leaf N facilitated the caterpillar growth and development. These results suggest that the reduced performance of caterpillars was not caused by an N addition-induced change in food quality. By contrast, N addition significantly reduced the ground surface temperature presumably because of canopy shading, as indicated by increased plant height and biomass in the N addition treatment. A significant quadratic relationship between ground surface temperature and the number of feeding caterpillars in the field experiment explained the difference in feeding time between the N addition and ambient N treatments. It can thus be concluded that N addition reduced caterpillar performance by stimulating plant growth leading to reduced ground surface temperatures, which decreased caterpillar feeding activity. Our results suggest that the effect of N deposition on abiotic factors could be critical to the growth, development, and survival of immobile herbivore species or the individuals at immobile stages that cannot quickly respond to changing microclimatic environments.

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Response of walnut aphid populations to increasing foliar nitrogen content

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Characterizing the Feeding Injury Caused by Phylloscelis rubra (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) to Cranberries

Characterizing the Feeding Injury Caused by Phylloscelis rubra (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) to Cranberries

Insect Pests Infestation, Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet as Influence by Nitrogen, Potassium and Trace Elements Fertilizers

N addition suppresses the performance of grassland caterpillars (Gynaephora alpherakjj) by decreasing ground temperature

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