Response of thermal stressed bobwhite to organophosphorus exposure

Maguire, Christine C.; Williams, B. A.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(87)90119-9

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In line with our findings, it has been reported that concomitant exposure to CPF and cold stress exaggerates the neurotoxicity in animals by provoking the acetyl cholinesterase inhibition [6]. In true sense, the mode of action of CPF in cold temperate regions would have differential toxic actions than tropical regions indicating negative temperature coefficient ability (i.e., greater toxicity at lower temperature).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Chlorpyrifos Induced Region Specific Vulnerability in Rat CNS and Modulation by Age and Cold Stress: An Interactive Study

Basha

Poojary

2010

Neurochem Res

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Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus insecticide is known to cause ill health in non-target animals by inducing oxidative stress. In this study influence of cold stress (15°C and 20°C) and age as modulating factors on CPF induced oxidative stress was addressed to assess age-related differences and vulnerability in central nervous system of rats. The results indicated an interaction with age and cold exposure resulting in marked decreased activity levels of SOD (P \ 0.05), CAT (P \ 0.05), GPx (P \ 0.05), GST (P \ 0.05) followed by increased MDA (P \ 0.05) and decreased GSH levels (P \ 0.05). The ANOVA and Post-hoc analysis showed that antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly (P \ 0.05) on CPF exposure. Moreover synergistic action of CPF and cold stress at 15°C caused higher inhibition on comparison with CPF and cold stress alone and together at 20°C indicating the extent of peroxidative damage in discrete regions of CNS. Further this study showed young individuals to be more sensitive than adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Further, it is also indicated that cold stress alters brain acetylcholinesterase levels when exposed to OP pesticides [6]. The limited data available suggest some differential effects on developing as well as maturing animals on exposure to CPF [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorpyrifos Induced Region Specific Vulnerability in Rat CNS and Modulation by Age and Cold Stress: An Interactive Study

Basha

Poojary

2010

Neurochem Res

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“…Chlorpyrifos toxicity increased in cold-stressed bobwhite quail (Maguire and Williams 1987a); dietary LCsoS decreased from 531 ppm (35°C) to 283 ppm (27.5 0C). LCsos were 347-382 ppm in bobwhite quail subjected to intermittent cold stress (Maguire and Williams 1987b). When chlorpyrifos was administered in feed using four different carriers, its toxicity varied less than twofold in both mallard and bobwhite (Gile et al 1983).…”

Section: Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Barron¹,

Woodburn

1995

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

153

104

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“…Thermal stress may increase the sensitivity of birds exposed to chlorpyrifos. In dietary toxicity tests held at an ambient brooder temperature of 35°C (optimal temperature), northern bobwhite chicks were more resistant to chlorpyrifos toxicity that those held at 32.5, 30.0, or 27.5°C; sensitivity was directly proportional to temperature decline (Maguire et al 1987). For example, they reported that birds held at 35°C had an LC50 of 531 mg/kg, whereas those held at 27.5°C had an LC50 of 283 mg/kg.…”

Section: Terrestrial Risk Assessment For Chlorpyrifos In Corn Agroecomentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Mallard LC50 values ranged from 136 to 1080 mg/kg and northern bobwhite LC50 values ranged from 283 to 1100 mg/kg. Three studies (Gile et al 1983;Maguire et al 1987;Shirazi et al 1994) investigated the effects of varying the chlorpyrifos carrier, exposure duration, and ambient temperature, respectively, resulting in multiple LC50 values for each study (Table 29).…”

Section: Terrestrial Risk Assessment For Chlorpyrifos In Corn Agroecomentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorpyrifos: Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment for Birds and Mammals in Corn Agroecosystems

Solomon

Giesy

Kendall

et al. 2001

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

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A tiered risk assessment was conducted for the use of granular and liquid formulations of chlorpyrifos in corn agroecosystems in the U.S. The initial screening Tier I assessment suggested that under high-exposure scenarios the granular and some spray formulations present potential hazards to birds. Higher tiered probabilistic risk assessments were conducted separately for the granular and liquid formulations. The probabilistic assessment indicated that risk to birds from exposure to granular formulation is small and that this route of exposure would not be a significant source of mortality. Similarly, the assessment of potential exposure of birds to food items contaminated with chlorpyrifos showed that the risk from exposure via food was small, even if it was assumed that birds feed only on the treated fields. Although they have potentially greater sensitivity to chlorpyrifos, effects in nestling birds consuming food items from fields treated with granular chlorpyrifos were negligible. However, risks to young birds may be greater where the major source of food is from fields treated with liquid formulations of chlorpyrifos. A review of field studies showed that wildlife mortality incidents associated with use of either granular or liquid formulations of chlorpyrifos are not widely apparent in agroecosystems. Based on the multiple lines of evidence, we conclude that the presumption that chlorpyrifos use in corn agroecosystems will result in extensive Solomon et al. mortality of terrestrial wildlife, particularly birds and mammals, is not supported by the scientific evidence.

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Response of thermal stressed bobwhite to organophosphorus exposure

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Chlorpyrifos Induced Region Specific Vulnerability in Rat CNS and Modulation by Age and Cold Stress: An Interactive Study

Chlorpyrifos Induced Region Specific Vulnerability in Rat CNS and Modulation by Age and Cold Stress: An Interactive Study

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos: Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment for Birds and Mammals in Corn Agroecosystems

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