Response of Sorghum Accessions from Four African Countries against <i>Colletotrichum sublineolum</i>, Causal Agent of Sorghum Anthracnose

Abstract

Seventy-two sorghum accessions were randomly selected from the Ethiopia, Mali, Sudan, and Uganda germplasm collections maintained by the US National Plant Germplasm System to evaluate variation in anthracnose resistance. The accessions were planted in a randomized complete block design in College Station, Texas during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons. Twenty-six accessions exhibited a resistant response across growing seasons with 8 accessions showing a susceptible response. Twenty-nine accessions showed variation in disease response within and between experiments. Seven accessions were rated as resistant in 2007 but showed a susceptible reaction in 2008. The frequency of resistant germplasm varied based on country of origin with 80% of the accessions from Mali, 48% of the accessions from Uganda, 24% of the accessions from Sudan, and 7% of the accessions from Ethiopia exhibiting a resistance response. When the same accessions were evaluated in Isabela, Puerto Rico, 100% of the accessions from Mali, 43% of the accessions from Uganda, and 28% of the accessions from Sudan exhibited a resistant response. All the accessions from Ethiopia were susceptible to anthracnose when evaluated in Isabela, Puerto Rico. In both locations, 22 accessions exhibited a resistant response. Four accessions rated as resistant in Texas were found to be susceptible in Puerto Rico; whereas, five accessions rated as resistant in Puerto Rico showed a susceptible response in Texas. These results indicated that the Mali, Sudan, and Uganda sorghum collections may be an important source of anthracnose resistance. However, the identification of anthracnose resistant germplasm from many diverse regions could result in the identification of new sources of genetic variation for resistance. Also, greater genetic variation for resistance could be present in regions with a high frequency of resistant germplasm.

Assessments of genetic diversity and anthracnose disease response among Zimbabwe sorghum germplasm

“…, Prom et al. , , , Erpelding , ). Unfortunately, the mechanism or gene action of these new resistant sources is unknown due to the lack of inheritance studies and/or genetic relationship among accessions identified as resistant.…”

“…Although the disease has been successfully managed in the United States, and other countries using resistant varieties, the pathogen population is highly diverse (Prom et al. b). Identification of new sources of resistance can increase the longevity of the resistance through the pyramid of multiple resistance genes or the coordinate use of multiple alleles and/or resistance genes.…”

Assessment of sorghum genetic resources of Ethiopia for anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum Henn.) resistance and agronomic traits

“…This allowed to identify and select promising genotypes for breeding. (Chala & Tronsmo, 2012;Cuevas et al, 2014;Erpelding, 2008Erpelding, , 2009Prom, Erpelding, Perumal, Isakeit, & Cuevas, 2011). Chala and Tronsmo (2012) The present study identified 32 sorghum lines with anthracnose resistance such as 71708,210903,74222,73955,74685,74670,74656,74183,234112,69412,226057,214852,71420,71484,200126,71557,75120,71547,220014,228179,16212,16173,16133,69088,238388,16168 and 71570 useful for breeding.…”

“…This allowed to identify and select promising genotypes for breeding. (Chala & Tronsmo, ; Cuevas et al, ; Erpelding, , ; Prom, Erpelding, Perumal, Isakeit, & Cuevas, ). Chala and Tronsmo () observed genetic variation in response to anthracnose infection among 56 sorghum accessions evaluated under natural infection in Ethiopia.…”

Screening Sorghum Accessions for Resistance against Anthracnose and Grain Mold through Inoculating with Pathogens

“…Losses in grain yield in infected susceptible cultivars can reach 50%, while anthracnose infected panicles can result in losses ranging from 30-50% [5][6][7]. Number of anthracnose resistant sources have been documented in different sorghum production regions around the world [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Chala et al [9] noted that sorghum genotype 2001 PWcoll No 022 exhibited stable resistance to anthracnose when evaluated in Southern Ethiopia.…”