Response of plasma glucagon-like peptide-2 to feeding pattern and intraruminal administration of volatile fatty acids in sheep

Glucagon‐like peptide‐2: A potential role in equine insulin dysregulation

“…In studies of healthy rodents, sheep and humans, GLP‐2 was increased in response to nutrient intake , consistent with the current study where a post‐grazing increase in GLP‐2 concentration occurred in healthy ponies. The fasted GLP‐2 concentration in healthy ponies (~0.5–0.8 ng/mL) was similar to that in sheep , mice and humans , although diurnal variation in the concentration of this peptide does occur so concentrations may fluctuate . However, the peak GLP‐2 concentration reached following nutrient intake seemed marginally higher in healthy ponies (~1.5 ng/mL), compared with other species (~1 ng/mL) .…”

“…The fasted GLP‐2 concentration in healthy ponies (~0.5–0.8 ng/mL) was similar to that in sheep , mice and humans , although diurnal variation in the concentration of this peptide does occur so concentrations may fluctuate . However, the peak GLP‐2 concentration reached following nutrient intake seemed marginally higher in healthy ponies (~1.5 ng/mL), compared with other species (~1 ng/mL) . The inclusion of more data points would have enabled a more accurate determination of the peak GLP‐2 concentration and is recommended for future studies.…”

The effect of tributyrin supplementation to milk replacer on plasma glucagon‐like peptide 2 concentrations in pre‐weaning calves

“…Plasma and whole blood samples were analyzed for GLP‐2 and glucose concentrations, respectively, and serum samples were analyzed for insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and β‐hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations. Plasma GLP‐2 concentration was measured by a time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay technique previously described by Sugino et al () using a solid‐phase competition immunoassay with Eu‐labeled human GLP‐2 (Peptide Institute, Inc., Osaka, Japan), polyclonal anti‐rat GLP‐2 (Yanaihara Institute, Inc., Shizuoka, Japan), and polystyrene microtiter strips coated with goat‐anti‐rabbit γ‐globulin (Elsabagh et al, ; Inabu et al, ). Intra‐ and inter‐assay CVs were 2.7 and 2.2%, respectively, and the least detectable level was 0.042 ng/ml.…”

“…The samples were ground using a hammer mill (SM1; Retsch GmbH, Haan, Germany) with a 1mm screen, and analyzed by Zen-Raku-Ren Analysis Center (Kamisu, Ibaraki, Japan) for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), fat, and starch according to AOAC (1990), for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) according to AOAC International (2002), and for water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration using anthrone assay according to Hall, Hoover, Jennings, and Miller Webster (1999). Metabolizable energy (ME) for MR, starter, and kleingrass were calculated according to National Research Council Institute, Inc., Osaka, Japan), polyclonal anti-rat GLP-2 (Yanaihara Institute, Inc., Shizuoka, Japan), and polystyrene microtiter strips coated with goat-anti-rabbit γ-globulin (Elsabagh et al, 2017;Inabu et al, 2017). Intra-and inter-assay CVs were 2.7 and 2.2%, respectively, and the least detectable level was 0.042 ng/ml.…”

“…In addition, butyrate has been shown to positively affect calf performance and health via the stimulation of intestinal cell proliferation and growth (Guilloteau, Romé, Normand, Savary, & Zabielski, ; Guilloteau et al, ; Hill, Aldrich, Schlotterbeck, & Bateman, ). Our research group reported that intra‐ruminal administration of sodium butyrate stimulated GLP‐2 secretion, whereas acetate and propionate administration had no effect on plasma GLP‐2 concentration in sheep (Elsabagh, Inabu, Sugino, & Obitsu, ). Furthermore, Gorka et al () reported that sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter may have beneficial effect on GIT development via the increased GLP‐2 secretion in dairy calves.…”