Response of Pacific white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on exposure to aflatoxin in feed

Abstract

A research was accomplished to find the response of Litopenaeus vannamei to different levels of aflatoxin in feed. Two hundred live L. vannamei were collected from a shrimp breeding station located on the south of Tiab, in Hormozgan province. Aflatoxin contaminated diets with 0.18, 96.21, 184.74, 711.35, 977.11 and 1605.61 µg/kg were prepared and shrimps in six experimental groups with three replicates in each group for 28 days were fed with these diets. The results showed that activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in haemolymph and histological alternation index (HAI) value of hepatopancreas in treatement groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). Decreased total protein and fat in haemolymph and increased protein in muscle of treatment shrimps were observed compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The HAI value of 977.11 and 1605.61 μg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control and other groups (p < 0.05). Histological study results showed that calculated HAI (more than 100) in these groups as a result of necrosis lesion observed in hepatopancreas. Moderate to severe alteration was recognized in group fed by 711.35 µg/kg aflatoxin. Minor aflatoxin levels (0.18, 96.21 and 184.74 µg/kg) caused inappreciable tissue alteration. This study demonstrated body composition, haemolymph parameters and histology of hepatopancreas were affected in the aflatoxin‐contaminated feed when the concentration was over 955.14 µg/kg.

Comparison of lipid metabolism between broodstock and hybrid offspring in the hepatopancreas of juvenile shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense): Response to chronic ammonia stress

“…The hepatopancreas is an important digestive and absorption organ of aquatic animals. It is responsible for the accumulation and transport of nutrients and is sensitive to toxic substances and other pollutants in water (Bhavan & Geraldine, 2000; Jamshidizadeh et al, 2019). The hepatopancreas is mainly composed of different types of epithelial cells (E, R, F and B cells) and hepatic tubules.…”

Effects of dietary supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus , Codonopsis pilosula , and Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract mixture on growth performance, haematological parameters and hepatopancreatic performance in juvenile Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei )

“…Shrimp of TCM1 group recorded the highest values of these enzymes followed by TCM3 group. ALT enzyme mainly distributes peripheries of cell membrane while AST mainly is in mitochondrion (Deng et al, ), thus any perturbation in haemolymph ALT and AST levels is regarded as a measure to study the survival of various cells and changes in the permeability of the cell membranes, even to a very small extent (Jamshidizadeh & Amrollahi, ). Therefore, the observed increase in ALT level in TCM groups in the present study can be attributed to the light changes in peripheries of cell membrane due to the feed.…”

“…Besides, it is the largest centre of organic and inorganic reserves and providing the energy necessary for growth and metabolism (Dall & Moriarty, ; Gibson & Barker, ). Integrity of hepatopancreas can reflect health status of shrimp, which can be evaluated through the assessment of biomarkers such as ALT and AST enzymes (Jamshidizadeh & Amrollahi, ) and histological change (Sreeram & Menon, ). Histological study of hepatopancreas has been reckoned as one of the important means for reflecting health status in shrimp.…”

Study of routine metabolism and acute toxicity of mycogenic silver nanoparticles on Palaemon pandaliformis (shrimp)

“…After qualitative and quantitative analyses, the histological alteration index (HAI) was applied according to previously established criteria 26 and adapted for shrimps. 27,28 The rate between the HAI values and the organ effects, ranging from 0 to 100, was established following the criteria: HAI from 0-10: functionally normal organ; HAI from 11-20: organ with mild to moderate changes; HAI 21-50: organ with moderate to severe changes; 51-100: organ with severe alterations; HAI > 100: organ with irreversible changes. 26…”