Response of granular media to rapid penetration

Omidvar, Mehdi; Iskander, Magued; Bless, Stephan

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.12.004

Cited by 126 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…However, these and similar methods require tri-axial material data from samples cored from the actual target material to give an accurate prediction of the depth of penetration, and such test data are not readily available. A comprehensive review of the response of granular media to rapid penetration was recently published by Omidvar et al [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration of granular materials by small-arms bullets

Dey¹,

Olovsson

2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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This paper presents an experimental and numerical study on the penetration of granular materials by small-arms bullets. In the experimental tests, five different types of granular material (0-2 mm wet sand, 0-2 mm dry sand, 2-8 mm gravel, 8-16 mm crushed stone and 16-22 mm crushed rock) were impacted by four different types of smallarms bullets (7.62 mm Ball with a soft lead core, 7.62 mm AP with a hard steel core, 12.7 mm Ball with a soft steel core and 12.7 mm AP with a tungsten carbide core). The tests were carried out using different rifles to fire the projectiles, while the granular materials were randomly packed in a 320 mm diameter specially-designed steel tube. In all tests, the initial projectile velocity and the depth of penetration in the granular material were measured for each bullet type. In the numerical simulations, a discrete particle-based approach was used to model the behaviour of sand during bullet impact. The method works with discrete particles that transfer forces between each other through contact and elastic collisions, allowing for a simple and robust treatment of the interaction between the sand particles and the bullet which is represented by finite elements. An important observation from the study is that the penetration depth in dry sand is strongly influenced by deviation of the bullet from its original trajectory.Good agreement between the available experimental results and the numerical predictions is also in general obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration of granular materials by small-arms bullets

Dey¹,

Olovsson

2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…The plasticity polymer model was selected to simulate the strip of the HPS. The parameters were obtained from literatures [17][18][19][20] and mechanical experiment, as listed in Table 1. The soil-and-foam model works in some ways like a fluid, which should be used only in situations where soils or foams are confined within a structure or where geometric boundaries are present.…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During deep penetration, significant motion of the particles resulted in considerable compression and shear. Energy dissipation in shear was mainly due to friction and volume change as particles slide, roll, and climb over one another [17]. Friction between particles was elevated by the stress which exists in front of projectile nose.…”

Section: Penetration Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first stage refers to the perforation of strip and the generation of compression wave in sand particles. It had been found that a short projectile penetrating sand lost most of its energy as it sets sand particles in motion in initial stage of penetration [17]. During the second stage, particles were moving in two different forms: some of them were compressed on the windward side of projectile and some were released to the inner surface of front strip resulting in an upheaval around POI.…”

Section: Penetration Modementioning

confidence: 99%

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Projectile Penetration into Sandy Soil Confined by a Honeycomb-Like Structure

Luo

Shi

Chen

et al. 2017

Shock and Vibration

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HPS (Honeycomb-like Protective Structure) is a newly proposed protective structure filled with sandy soil. In order to investigate the penetration resistance of the structure, numerical simulations based on SPH method had been carried out by using LS-DYNA, which are corresponding to the experiments. The calibrated model leads to reasonable predictions of the dynamic responses and damage modes of the HPS. More situations were carried out taking factors influencing the penetration into consideration, including point of impact, angle of impact, and projectile caliber. Penetration mode was established by analyzing the energy dissipation and investigating the mechanism from the phenomenological viewpoint. Simulation results show that the resisting forces and the torque that act on the long rod projectile would be greater than those acting on the short one when instability occurred. Besides, approximate 45 ∘ angle of impact was formed in the case of off-axis, which has a certain influence on the ballistic stability, resulting in more kinetic energy of projectile dissipating in HPS and less depth of penetration. The kinetic energy of projectile dissipated in sandy soil largely and the strip slightly, and the former was greater than the sum of the latter.

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“…The applications of HSR loading can be related to blasting [1], earthquakes [2], mine blasts [3], aircraft wheel loading [4], dynamic compaction [5]; in situ subsurface explorations [6][7][8], pile driving and rapid load testing of piles [9], and projectile penetration [10,11]. These applications provoke transient loading characterized by large strains in the soil over very short periods of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model to Predict Strain Rate Dependency of Dry Silica Sand in Triaxial Compression

Suescun-Florez

Iskander

Bless

2015

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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A new method is proposed and evaluated to model the effect of strain rate on sand during triaxial compression. Triaxial compression tests were conducted on dry silica sand with rates of 0.1-10 %/s at 100-400 kPa confining pressures. Rate effects become significant at the higher confining pressures. It is found that a modified strain-energy-density approach provides a useful means to interpolate and extrapolate constant strain rate triaxial data to other strain rates.

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Response of granular media to rapid penetration

Cited by 126 publications

References 177 publications

Penetration of granular materials by small-arms bullets

Penetration of granular materials by small-arms bullets

Projectile Penetration into Sandy Soil Confined by a Honeycomb-Like Structure

A Model to Predict Strain Rate Dependency of Dry Silica Sand in Triaxial Compression

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