Response of Chondrocytes Isolated From Human Foetal Cartilage to Plasma Somatomedin Activity

Ashton, I. K.; Francis, M. J. O.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0760473

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Porcine and murine embryonic and fetal tissues have high affinity receptors for Sm-C (D 'Ercole et al, 1976;D'Ercole and Underwood, 1980) and a variety of fetal mouse tissue explants appear to synthesize somatomedin in vitro (D'Ercole et al, 1980a). Studies of the mitogenic effects of somatomedins in embryonic or fetal tissues have employed either embryo fibroblast cell lines (Dulak and Temin, 1973;Weidman and Rala, 19801, or serum or impure somatomedin preparations (Ashton and Francis, 1978;Sara et al, 1978;Leffert, 1974). The finding, therefore, that highly purified Sm-C at concentrations equal to or less than those in blood (10-20 ngiml) enhances proliferation of mouse limb bud cells, further strengthens the association of somatomedin and intrauterine growth.…”

Section: Effect Of Growth Factors In Monolayer Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of embryonic mouse limb bud mesenchymal cell growth by peptide growth factors

Kaplowitz

D’Ercole

Underwood

1982

Journal Cellular Physiology

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The possible role of peptide growth factors in mammalian intrauterine cell growth has been investigated using primary cultures of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells from 11-day mouse embryo limb buds. When grown as monolayer cultures, proliferation is greatly favored by high cell densities. In medium containing 0.2% serum, purified epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), multiplication stimulating activity (MSA), insulin, and somatomedin-C (Sm-C) do not increase cell growth, but a 30-40,000 molecular weight component of mouse fetal liver conditioned medium is stimulatory. On the other hand, when limb bud cells are grown as high density or micromass cultures, a method which better approximates in vivo growth conditions, all of the purified growth factors tested stimulate cell growth significantly. These growth factors have additive effects when used in combination, the best stimulation being observed with liver medium (10% v/v), EGF (10 ng/ml), FGF (200 ng/ml), and either insulin (1 microgram/ml) or Sm-C (20 ng/ml). We conclude that the response of limb bud cells to growth stimulation is influenced by the manner in which the cells are cultured and that at least four different growth factors are required for optimal in vitro proliferation. One of these, the active component of liver medium, appears to be a previously uncharacterized growth factor.

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Section: Effect Of Growth Factors In Monolayer Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of embryonic mouse limb bud mesenchymal cell growth by peptide growth factors

Kaplowitz

D’Ercole

Underwood

1982

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…They are thought to be critical in postnatal growth (15,16). Studies to date have shown that IGF receptors are widespread in many fetal tissues (17,18), and a variety of fetal tissues respond to (19,20) and produce IGF (21)(22)(23). In addition, the concentrations of IGF in fetal and cord blood are correlated with fetal birth size (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of insulin-like growth factor II in human placentas from normal and diabetic pregnancies.

Shen¹,

Wang²,

Nelson³

et al. 1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The growth and development of the placenta is critical to fetal growth and development; however, little is known regarding the mechanisms controlling placental growth and development. Human placental membranes are known to possess receptors for insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) from early gestation, and increasing evidence supports a major role for IGF-I and/or IGF-II in fetal growth and development. Therefore, the IGFs may also play a significant role in regulating placental growth and development. We report here that an adult human liver IGF-II cDNA hybridizes to poly(A)+ RNAs of human placentas from different gestational ages. There are four placental poly(A)I RNA species that hybridize to IGF-II cDNA, the major one ofwhich is about 6000 bases. The sizes of the hybridized transcripts are the same for placentas of different gestational ages. Furthermore, the IGF-II sequences expressed in the human placenta were quantitated by dot blot hybridization. The second trimester placenta expresses more IGF-ll mRNA sequences than placenta of first trimester and term. Interestingly, the term placentas from diabetic pregnancies also express more of these sequences than those from normal pregnancies. These results suggest that there are developmental changes in the expression ofthe IGF-II gene in the placenta and that IGF-ll may promote placental growth by way of an autocrine and/or paracrine mechanism. Moreover, fetuses developing in diabetic pregnancies receive a large influx of glucose, which in turn may stimulate the expression of IGF-ll sequences in placenta, resulting in higher utilization of glucose and overgrowth of placenta. This may explain the macrosomia and high incidence of malformations and stillbirths known to result from pregnancies in diabetics.

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“…Thigh muscle was removed, weighed and frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -20 °C for later measurement of DNA, RNA and protein content (Wannemacher et al, 1965;Munro and Fleck, 1966;Abraham et al, 1972 Ashton and Francis, 1978;Weidman and Bala, 1980) and the ability of tissues such as chick liver cells (Haselbacher et al, 1980) and chick cartilage (Burch et al, 1986), to synthesize IGF-I (d'Ercole et al, 1976), it is widely believed that IGF-11 may be the somatomedin involved in growth promotion in the fetus (Moses et al, 1980). IGF-I blood levels are low in fetal life compared to postnatal values (Gluckman et al, 1983;Spencer GSG et al, 1983); in contrast, IGF-11 levels were found to be high in the fetus of some species (Moses et al, 1980).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on chick embryo growth rate

Spencer¹,

Garssen²,

Gerrits³

et al. 1990

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Response of Chondrocytes Isolated From Human Foetal Cartilage to Plasma Somatomedin Activity

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

Stimulation of embryonic mouse limb bud mesenchymal cell growth by peptide growth factors

Stimulation of embryonic mouse limb bud mesenchymal cell growth by peptide growth factors

Expression of insulin-like growth factor II in human placentas from normal and diabetic pregnancies.

Lack of effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on chick embryo growth rate

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