Responding to Emerging Contaminant Impacts: Situational Management

Suthersan, Suthan; Horst, John; Ross, I. J.; Kalve, Erica; Quinnan, Joseph; Houtz, Erika; Burdick, J. Clement

doi:10.1111/gwmr.12172

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The large V( v )–C nanosheet surface serves as a reaction center where the solvated electrons can then easily transfer from the V( v )–C to PFOS and initiate degradation and defluorination at enhanced rates and efficiencies compared to other reported advanced oxidation/reduction reaction systems (Table 1). 1,65 The rapid electron charge transfer kinetics between the electronegative moieties of adsorbed PFOS, vanadium( v ) and graphite carbon generated from V 2 C 51 ( i.e. , formation of C–O and C–OH observed in V(v)–C+H 2 O 2 XPS spectra, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Table 1). 1,65 The rapid electron charge transfer kinetics between the electronegative moieties of adsorbed PFOS, vanadium(V) and graphite carbon generated from V 2 C 51 (i.e., formation of C-O and C-OH observed in V(v)-C+H 2 O 2 XPS spectra, Fig. S2 and Table S7 †) combined with the reversible nature of vanadium oxidation states within V(V)-C could provide enough energy to form solvated electrons near co-located PFOS.…”

Section: V(v)-c Facilitated Solvated Electron Formation and H 2 O 2ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

Ye,

Steigerwald,

Bang

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: V(v)-c Facilitated Solvated Electron Formation and H 2 O 2ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

Ye,

Steigerwald,

Bang

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…Many PFAS sites may have two different types of reservoirs of mass near the original release points that can sustain downgradient dissolved PFAS plumes for extended time frames. First, as visualized by Suthersan et al (2016) as a funnel, the PFAS sources include hundreds or thousands of PFAA polyfluorinated precursors that can slowly biodegrade aerobically to form approximately 25 PFAAs such as PFOA and PFOS (two key PFAAs). These precursors tend to sorb more strongly to the soil media and, therefore, are typically found near the original release point of a PFAS site, such as the area underlying a fire fighting training area.…”

Section: Qualitative Pfas Analogs From Cvoc and Btex Remediation Expementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing PFAS to other groundwater contaminants: Implications for remediation

Newell

Adamson

Kulkarni

et al. 2020

Remediation Journal

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Established groundwater contaminants such as chlorinated solvents and hydrocarbons have impacted groundwater at hundreds of thousands of sites around the United States and have been responsible for multibillion dollar remediation expenditures. An important question is whether groundwater remediation for the emerging contaminant class comprised of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) will be a smaller, similar, or a larger‐scale problem than the established groundwater contaminants. A two‐pronged approach was used to evaluate this question in this paper. First, nine quantitative scale‐of‐remediation metrics were used to compare PFAS to four established contaminants: chlorinated solvents, benzene, 1,4‐dioxane, and methyl tert‐butyl ether. These metrics reflected the prevalence of the contaminants in the U.S., attenuation potential, remediation difficulty, and research intensity. Second, several key challenges identified with PFAS remediation were evaluated to see similar situations (qualitative analogs) that have been addressed by the remediation field in the past. The results of the analysis show that four out of nine of the evaluated quantitative metrics (production, number of potential sites, detection frequency, required destruction/removal efficiency) indicate that the scale of PFAS groundwater remediation may be smaller compared to the current scale of remediation for conventional groundwater contaminants. One attenuation metric, median plume length, suggests that overall PFAS remediation could pose a greater challenge compared to hydrocarbon sites, but only slightly larger than chlorinated volatile organic compounds sites. The second attenuation metric, hydrophobic sorption, was not definitive regarding the potential scale of PFAS remediation. The final three metrics (regulatory criteria, in‐situ remediation capability, and research intensity) all indicate that PFAS remediation might end up being a larger scale problem than the established contaminants. An assessment of the evolution of groundwater remediation capabilities for established contaminants identified five qualitative analogs for key PFAS groundwater remediation issues: (a) low‐level detection analytical capabilities; (b) methods to assess the risk of complex chemical mixtures; (c) nonaqueous phase dissolution as an analog for partitioning, precursors, and back diffusion at PFAS sites; (d) predictions of long plume lengths for emerging contaminants; and (e) monitored natural attenuation protocols for other non‐degrading groundwater contaminants. Overall the evaluation of these five analogs provided some comfort that, while remediating the potential universe of PFAS sites will be extremely challenging, the groundwater community has relevant past experience that may prove useful. The quantitative metrics and the qualitative analogs suggest a different combination of remediation approaches may be needed to deal with PFAS sites and may include source control, natural attenuation, in‐situ sequestration, containment, and point‐of‐use tr...

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“…Over the past five years in this column series we have tackled the topic of emerging contaminants many times, inclusive of the relevant per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (Suthersan et al , ; Horst et al 2018). The focus in these past columns has largely been on technology for characterization or treatment and approaches to situational response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Managing the Potential By‐Products of PFAS Destruction

Horst

McDonough

Ross

et al. 2020

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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Responding to Emerging Contaminant Impacts: Situational Management

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

Comparing PFAS to other groundwater contaminants: Implications for remediation

Understanding and Managing the Potential By‐Products of PFAS Destruction

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Responding to Emerging Contaminant Impacts: Situational Management

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

H2O2-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

H2O2-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

Comparing PFAS to other groundwater contaminants: Implications for remediation

Understanding and Managing the Potential By‐Products of PFAS Destruction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets

H₂O₂-catalyzed defluorination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) by oxidized vanadium carbide MXene nanosheets