Responders and non-responders to probiotic interventions

Reid, Gregor; Gaudier, Estelle; Guarner, Francisco; Huffnagle, Gary B.; Macklaim, Jean M.; Munoz, Alicia Murcia; Martini, Margaret C.; Ringel–Kulka, Tamar; Sartor, Balfor R.; Unal, Robert R.; Verbeke, Kristin; Walter, Jens

doi:10.4161/gmic.1.3.12013

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Reductions included several fermentation variables (weight of cecal contents, empty cecal weight, total amounts of propionate and butyrate ( P = 0.07) in cecal contents), plasma PYY (RS*fat P = 0.08), and abdominal fat (RS*fat P = 0.07). Such findings indicate that rats respond differently to HAM‐RS2 with a high fat diet, and consideration should be given to this partial attenuation and difference in response . The specific mechanism by which HAM‐RS2 reduces body fat may be a reflection of the amount of propionate and butyrate in the cecal contents, which were partially attenuated with the feeding of HAM‐RS2 in a high fat diet .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High fat diet partially attenuates fermentation responses in rats fed resistant starch from high-amylose maize

Charrier

Martin

McCutcheon

et al. 2013

Obesity

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Objective The effects of type 2 resistant starch from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) in rodents fed with low-fat diets were demonstrated in previous studies. Fish oil is also reported to reduce body fat. In the current study, the effects of high fat and fish oil on HAM-RS2 feeding in rats were investigated. Design and Methods Rats were fed 0 or 27% (weight) HAM-RS2 with low (15% energy) or high fat (42% energy) diets that included 0 or 10% (energy) tuna oil to test the effect of HAM-RS2 in diet-induced obesity and effects of tuna oil. Data were analyzed as 2 × 2 × 2 factorial. Results Rats fed HAM-RS2 had decreased cecal contents pH, increased cecal and cecal contents weight, increased cecal contents acetate, propionate, and butyrate, increased GLP-1 and PYY, and decreased abdominal fat. However, high fat partially attenuated effects of HAM-RS2, but increased GLP-1 active. Dietary tuna oil had limited effects at concentration used. Conclusions Results demonstrated that a high fat diet partially attenuates the response to HAM-RS2. The mechanism may center on reduced levels of cecal contents propionate and butyrate and reduced serum PYY. This study demonstrated that with consumption of high fat, HAM-RS2 produces fermentation but results in partial attenuation of effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High fat diet partially attenuates fermentation responses in rats fed resistant starch from high-amylose maize

Charrier

Martin

McCutcheon

et al. 2013

Obesity

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“…This emphasizes the importance of trying to increase the chance of patients responding to therapy, by using biological or genetic markers when available to stratify the patient population before enrollment and decide at what point intervention will provide the best outcome (for example, in subjects with a starting CD4 count less than 350 cells/µl). 28 The immune markers IgE, IgG, IFNγ and IL-10 did not show a significant impact of probiotic supplementation. Markers that are more specific for the intestinal barrier including plasma lipopolysaccharide, plasma total bacterial DNA and urine lactoferrin: mannitol ratio, may be more useful in future studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of 25 weeks probiotic supplementation on immune function of HIV patients

Hummelen¹,

Changalucha²,

Butamanya³

et al. 2011

Gut Microbes

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105

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“…One possibility for this finding is that this mouse initially harbored a microbiota deprived in HAM-RS2-responsive genera and therefore was not able to respond to the carbohydrate. Nonresponders can be confounding to data analysis of dietary intervention and clinical studies (Reid et al, 2010). Conversely, two mice from the Control group (5 and 6) were colonized by a gut microbiota most similar to the 18% HAM-RS2-fed mice and contained the highest proportions of Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum and fewest representatives of Turicibacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The intestinal microbiota in aged mice is modulated by dietary resistant starch and correlated with improvements in host responses

Tachon

Zhou²,

Keenan

et al. 2012

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

171

105

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Dietary interventions might prevent or reverse age-related declines in health through modification of the activity and composition of the intestinal microbiota. As a first step toward more comprehensive evaluations of single dietary components on healthy aging, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was applied to determine the structure of the bacterial communities in the ceca of 20-month-old healthy mice fed energy-controlled diets containing 0, 18, or 36% type 2 resistant starch (RS) from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2). The cecal microbiota of mice fed a diet depleted in RS and containing the readily digestible carbohydrate amylopectin were dominated by bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum and contained low levels of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. In contrast, mice fed diets containing HAM-RS2 were colonized by higher levels of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Allobaculum species in proportions that were dependent on the concentration of the dietary fiber. The proportions of Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia were positively correlated with mouse feeding responses, gut weight, and expression levels of proglucagon, the precursor of the gut anti-obesity/diabetic hormone GLP-1. This study showed that aging mice harbor a distinct microbiota, which can be modulated by RS and enriched for bacteria that are associated with improved health.

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Responders and non-responders to probiotic interventions

Cited by 61 publications

References 31 publications

High fat diet partially attenuates fermentation responses in rats fed resistant starch from high-amylose maize

High fat diet partially attenuates fermentation responses in rats fed resistant starch from high-amylose maize

Effect of 25 weeks probiotic supplementation on immune function of HIV patients

The intestinal microbiota in aged mice is modulated by dietary resistant starch and correlated with improvements in host responses

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