Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

Chan‐Yeung, Moira; Dimich‐Ward, Helen

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1843.2003.00453.x

Cited by 103 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In addition, the particle size of SS is one-tenth the size of MS, increasing its ability to reach the most distal alveoli in the lung. 26 SHS is also referred to as passive smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, and involuntary smoking. To prevent confusion between these different descriptive terms, this review will use the term "secondhand smoke."…”

Section: Poor Control Of Asthma Because Of Primary Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Asthma

Stapleton

Howard-Thompson²,

George³

et al. 2011

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

139

104

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Background:The purpose of this review is to describe the current understanding of the prevalence and adverse effects of cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) in asthmatics in terms of patient outcomes and response to inhaled corticosteroids.Methods: We searched the English biomedical literature via PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using the terms "smoking and asthma," "secondhand smoke and asthma," "environmental tobacco smoke and asthma," and "smoking/secondhand smoke and corticosteroids." We also reviewed reference lists of identified articles for relevant citations.Results: In asthmatic patients who smoke, disease control is poorer than in asthmatic nonsmokers. Of all forms of SHS, maternal exposure seems to have the largest impact on asthma by increasing the frequency and severity of the disease and decreasing lung function. Asthmatic children exposed to multiple household smokers face an increased risk for respiratory illness-related absences from school, and these effects persist during adolescence but weaken during adulthood. Airway mucosal permeability is increased in smokers, which could lead to increased clearance of inhaled corticosteroids from the airways. Smokers also have decreased histone deacetylase activity, which is necessary for corticosteroids to fully suppress cytokine production, and can lead to corticosteroid resistance.

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Section: Poor Control Of Asthma Because Of Primary Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Asthma

Stapleton

Howard-Thompson²,

George³

et al. 2011

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

139

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The amount of exposure depends on the number of smokers, the amount smoked, the size and ventilation characteristics of the indoor environment, and duration of exposure (1). ETS exposure can be assessed by measuring air nicotine and respirable suspended particle concentration or by measuring cotinine (i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Workplace in Macedonia: Where Are We Now?

Минов¹,

Karadžinska-Bislimovska²,

Vasilevska³

et al. 2008

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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To assess the prevalence and the level of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the workplace after the enactment of the law restricting indoor smoking in Macedonia, we performed a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire study including 372 never-smoking workers recruited from six workplaces. We found a high prevalence of workers exposed to ETS in the workplace (27.4 %) with no significant difference between particular occupation groups. We found no significant difference in the prevalence of passive smokers in the workplace between this study and our study conducted before the law was enacted (31.5 % vs. 27.4 %, P=0.324). The prevalence of workers exposed to ETS for less than three hours a day was significantly lower than of passive smokers with longer exposure (28.4 % vs. 71.6 %, P=0.038). The prevalence of workers exposed to ETS from less than 10 cigarettes smoked by coworkers per day was lower than the prevalence of workers with higher exposure, but statistical significance was not reached (37.9 % vs. 62.1 %, P=0.087). Our findings indicate a high prevalence and a high level of exposure to ETS in the workplace, which calls for stricter adherence to smoking-free legislation or even the total ban of smoking in the workplace.

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“…Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is now considered an important threat to the health of people who have never smoked, and it is a major contributor to indoor air pollution (1). While numerous studies and reports have shown adverse effects from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, mainly on respiratory and cardiovascular health, most have been of cross-sectional design (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%