Respiratory Development and Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstract

Respiratory development is crucial for all newborn infants. Premature infants may be born at an early stage of development and lack sufficient surfactant production. This results in respiratory distress syndrome. This article reviews the normal fetal development of the lung as well as the disorder that develops because of an early birth.

Peptidome Analysis of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell (hUC-MSC) Conditioned Medium from Preterm and Term Infants

“…Then more investigations were carried out to investigate the effect of differentially expressed peptides in vitro. Premature respiratory diseases including BPD are mostly related to lung development, oxidative stress and inflammatory response [81,82]. H 2 O 2 is a strong two-electron oxidant which contributes to cell damage or death [83,84].…”

Introductory Chapter: Essential Issues in Neonatal Care

“…Up to 98% of babies born at 23 weeks and 86% of babies born at 28 weeks develop RDS [22]. However, the incidence of RDS has decreased in recent decades as a consequence of the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), conventional ventilation, high-frequency ventilation, and replacement of surfactant for newborns [23].…”

The Advance Treatment on Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

“…In surfactant replacement therapy, Knowledge to it's molecular constructure and biochemistry activity study, surfactant can separate into four protein of SP-A,B, C and D, and the replacement treatment has used two SP-B and SP-C from them to treat NRDS, this choice for surfactant replacement is in the goal to get more effective clinical result [2,3]. For glucocorticoid therapy, it reported glucocorticoid gene related with lung development and it presents that woman received betamethasone can accelerate fetal lung maturity, at later time, glucocorticoid to neonatal direct therapy after delivery also can see primary outcome to enhance pulmonary maturity [4,5].…”

“…In etiology, the syndrome is caused by a lack of surfactant in the lung, and the substance has function to keep lung fill with air and maintain alveolar sac from deflated, also by research, genetic abnormal including gene of cystic fibrosis conductance regulator or Nitric Oxide enzyme to lung development is relationship with the NRDS [1,2]., meanwhile, intrauterine infection, premature birth, diabetes's mother or rapid labor can increase the risk to NRDS occurring.…”