Respiratory chlamydia: the management of an outbreak

Davies, Alun H.; Collins, Téa

doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(05)80054-x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Results of this study are similar to other studies that reported outbreaks of the disease in humans associated with poultry facilities, pet shops and with contact with psittacine birds (Filstein et al., 1981; Schlossberg et al., 1993; Davies and Collins, 1995; Saito et al., 2005). Human psittacosis remains an important occupational hazard to those who are in close contact with the birds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Chlamydophila psittaci in Zoo Workers in Brazil

Raso

Carrasco

Silva

et al. 2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To evaluate the prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydophila psittaci 364 serum samples were collected from veterinarians, biologists, animal scientists, veterinary students, animal keepers and others employees in 20 zoos, and from veterinary practitioners in 10 Brazilian states. Subjects ranged from 15 to 64 years of age, with 268 (74%) males and 96 (26%) females. Chlamydial antibodies were determined by the complement fixation test (CFT) and specific anti-C. psittaci IgG antibodies were determined by the microimmunoflurescence (MIF) test. Complement fixation test showed 23.9% (87/364) and MIF test showed 4.7% (17/364) positive serum samples. Titres ranged from 16 to 256 in both assays, demonstrating evidence of recent or current infection. Although chlamydial antibodies were detected in workers of seventeen zoos, MIF test only detected specific C. psittaci antibodies in seven of them. Previous psittacosis infection was suspected in eight workers of two zoos, five of whom reported having pneumonia, while employed at the zoos. However, diagnosis was not established in any of these cases in the past. Results indicated the occurrence of infection and previous contact of Brazilian zoo workers with C. psittaci, as well as the zoonotic potential of psittacosis in this risk population. Other studies are necessary to evaluate the risk factors of infection in this population. This seroepidemiological survey confirmed the need to adopt preventive measures to control avian chlamydiosis and protect the health of zoo workers in the country.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Chlamydophila psittaci in Zoo Workers in Brazil

Raso

Carrasco

Silva

et al. 2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Grade: B. 3,28,110,117 Avoid purchasing or selling birds that have signs consistent with avian chlamydiosis: Signs are nonspecific and may include lethargy, ocular or nasal discharge, diarrhea, ruffled feathers, or low body weight. Grade: C. 7,110 Avoid mixing birds from multiple sources: To prevent epornitics (ie, disease outbreaks in birds) and pathogen transmission to humans, additional control and prevention methods (eg, health screening, extended quarantine, C psittaci testing) may be required when birds from multiple sources are comingled.…”

Section: Recommendations For Controlling Infection Among Humans and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grade: B. 3,19,27,53,110,118 Quarantine newly acquired or exposed birds and isolate ill birds: Isolation should include housing in a separate air space from other birds and noncaretakers. Quarantine birds, including those that have been exposed to other birds at shows, exhibitions, fairs, and other events, for at least 30 days after the event and test before returning or adding them to a group.…”

Section: Recommendations For Controlling Infection Among Humans and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Compendium of Measures to ControlChlamydia psittaciInfection Among Humans (Psittacosis) and Pet Birds (Avian Chlamydiosis), 2017

Balsamo¹,

Maxted²,

Midla³

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery

152

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psittacosis, also known as parrot fever and ornithosis, is a bacterial infection that can cause severe pneumonia and other serious health problems in humans. It is caused by Chlamydia psittaci. Reclassification of the order Chlamydiales in 1999 into 2 genera (Chlamydia and Chlamydophila) was not wholly accepted or adopted. This resulted in a reversion to the single, original genus Chlamydia, which now encompasses all 9 species including Chlamydia psittaci. During 2003-2014, 112 human cases of psittacosis were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. While many types of birds can be infected by C psittaci, in general, the literature suggests that human cases can most often occur after exposure to infected parrot-type birds kept as pets, especially cockatiels, parakeets, and conures. In birds, C psittaci infection is referred to as avian chlamydiosis. Infected birds shed the bacteria through feces and nasal discharges, and humans become infected from exposure to these materials. This compendium provides information about psittacosis and avian chlamydiosis to public health officials, physicians, veterinarians, the pet bird industry, and others concerned with controlling these diseases and protecting public health. The recommendations in this compendium provide standardized procedures to control C psittaci infections. This document will be reviewed and revised as necessary, and the most current version replaces all previous versions. This document was last revised in 2010. Major changes in this version include a recommendation for a shorter treatment time for birds with avian chlamydiosis, additional information about diagnostic testing, including genotyping, clearer language associated with personal protective equipment recommended for those caring for confirmed or exposed birds, and incorporating a grading scale with recommendations generally based on the United States Preventive Services Task Force's methods.

show abstract