Respiratory adenovirus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised adult patients

Cederwall, S.; Påhlman, Lisa I.

doi:10.1017/s0950268819002176

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, unlike influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2, laboratory testing of HAdVs is not a routine examination for patients with pneumonia in most hospitals. Thus, it is easy to ignore HAdV-induced severe infections, especially for immunocompetent adolescents and adults ( 42 ). Apart from the laboratory-based diagnosis, distinct clinical characteristics could also provide some hints for clinicians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine/Chemokine Expression Is Closely Associated Disease Severity of Human Adenovirus Infections in Immunocompetent Adults and Predicts Disease Progression

Wei

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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Increasing human Adenovirus (HAdV) infections complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) even fatal outcome were reported in immunocompetent adolescent and adult patients. Here, we characterized the cytokine/chemokine expression profiles of immunocompetent patients complicated with ARDS during HAdV infection and identified biomarkers for disease severity/progression. Forty-eight cytokines/chemokines in the plasma samples from 19 HAdV-infected immunocompetent adolescent and adult patients (ten complicated with ARDS) were measured and analyzed in combination with clinical indices. Immunocompetent patients with ARDS caused by severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, 2009 pandemic H1N1 (panH1N1) or bacteria were included for comparative analyses. Similar indices of disease course/progression were found in immunocompetent patients with ARDS caused by HAdV, SARS-CoV-2 or panH1N infections, whereas the HAdV-infected group showed a higher prevalence of viremia, as well as increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine kinase (CK). Expression levels of 33 cytokines/chemokines were increased significantly in HAdV-infected patients with ARDS compared with that in healthy controls, and many of them were also significantly higher than those in SARS-CoV-2-infected and panH1N1-infected patients. Expression of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), monokine induced by IFN-γ (MIG), IL-6, macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), IL-10, IL-1α and IL-2Ra was significantly higher in HAdV-infected patients with ARDS than that in those without ARDS, and negatively associated with the ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2). Analyses of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that expression of IL-10, M-CSF, MIG, HGF, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-2Ra could predict the progression of HAdV infection, with the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.944 obtained for IL-10. Of note, the AUC value for the combination of IL-10, IFN-γ, and M-CSF reached 1. In conclusion, the “cytokine storm” occurred during HAdV infection in immunocompetent patients, and expression of IL-10, M-CSF, MIG, HGF, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-2Ra was closely associated with disease severity and could predict disease progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine/Chemokine Expression Is Closely Associated Disease Severity of Human Adenovirus Infections in Immunocompetent Adults and Predicts Disease Progression

Wei

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To date, the differences in the clinical features of RAI between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients are still controversial. A recent study based on a small population indicated that there was no difference in clinical manifestations or the rate of severe infection between immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients [ 4 ]. However, some data demonstrated that RAI was a frequent cause of high morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients, with reported fatality rates reaching up to 55% [ 1 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune status affects the clinical features and outcomes of adult patients with respiratory adenovirus infection

et al. 2021

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The differences in the clinical features and outcomes of respiratory adenovirus infection (RAI) between immunocompetent and immunocompromised adult patients remain unclear. Thirty-nine adult RAI patients, including 28 (71.8%) immunocompetent patients and 11 (28.2%) immunocompromised patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, laboratory tests, radiographic findings, therapies and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. We found fever (94.9%), cough (66.7%) and sputum production (56.4%) were the most frequent symptoms. Compared with immunocompetent RAI patients, the immunocompromised RAI patients were more likely to experience anemia (g/L; 90.8 ± 24.0 vs 134.3 ± 14.6, P ＜ 0.001), thrombocytopenia (×10 9 /L; 116.9 ± 92.7 vs 178.4 ± 74.6, P = 0.037), hypoalbuminemia (g/L; 29.6 ± 5.5 vs 36.9 ± 5.2, P ＜ 0.001), hyponatremia (mmol/L; 134.8 ± 5.6 vs 138.5 ± 3.9, P = 0.026) and low levels of cholinesterase (U/L; 2650.5 ± 1467.4 vs 5892.8 ± 1875.1, P ＜ 0.001). Chest computed tomography (CT) scans indicated that lung infiltrate was the most common finding (64.1%).Immunocompromised patients had a higher likelihood of bilateral lung involvement (72.7%) and lower lobe involvement (81.8%) of both lungs. The hospitalized mortality rate was 27.3% in immunocompromised RAI patients, but no deaths

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“…Human adenovirus (Ad) is a non-enveloped and doublestranded DNA virus with icosahedral symmetry that is categorized into seven subgroups (A-G) based on its genomic and biological properties. Ads cause respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal tract infections in immunocompetent individuals, along with severe diseases that are often fatal in immunocompromised patients [1][2][3]. In the case of Ad serotype 5 (Ad5), the most studied serotype, infection is initiated via binding of the knob region located at the C-terminus of the trimeric fibre protein to the primary receptor, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The infectivity of progeny adenovirus in the presence of neutralizing antibody

Hirai

Sato

Koizumi

et al. 2021

Journal of General Virology

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Human adenoviruses (Ads), common pathogens that cause upper respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, are blocked by neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, Ads are not fully eliminated even in hosts with nAbs. In this study, we assessed the infectivity of progeny Ad serotype 5 (Ad5) in the presence of nAb. The infectivity of Ad5 was evaluated according to the expression of the Ad genome and reporter gene. Infection by wild-type Ad5 and Ad5 vector continued to increase until 3 days after infection even in the presence of nAb. We established an assay for determining the infection levels of progeny Ad5 using a sorting system with magnetic beads and observed little difference in progeny Ad5 counts in the presence and absence of nAb 1 day after infection. Moreover, progeny Ad5 in the presence of nAb more effectively infected coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-positive cells than CAR-negative cells. We investigated the function of fiber proteins, which are the binding partners of CAR, during secondary infection, observing that fibre proteins spread from infected cells to adjacent cells in a CAR-dependent manner. In conclusion, this study revealed that progeny Ad5 could infect cells even in the presence of nAb, differing from the common features of the Ad5 infection cycle. Our findings may be useful for developing new therapeutic agents against Ad infection.

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Respiratory adenovirus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised adult patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Cytokine/Chemokine Expression Is Closely Associated Disease Severity of Human Adenovirus Infections in Immunocompetent Adults and Predicts Disease Progression

Cytokine/Chemokine Expression Is Closely Associated Disease Severity of Human Adenovirus Infections in Immunocompetent Adults and Predicts Disease Progression

Immune status affects the clinical features and outcomes of adult patients with respiratory adenovirus infection

The infectivity of progeny adenovirus in the presence of neutralizing antibody

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