“…Some studies have explored the coupling relationship between the digital economy and the ecological environment (Fu et al, 2022;Han et al, 2023;Li et al, 2023;Zhang and Zhao, 2023). Other studies have examined the impact of the digital economy on ecological performance (Shen et al, 2022), ecological resilience (Dong, 2023), and the ecological footprint (Dai et al, 2023). Other studies have con rmed that the digital economy can reduce environmental pollution (Bai et al, 2022;Wan and Shi, 2022;Xu et al, 2022;Guo et al, 2023;Liu, 2023), industrial pollution , air pollution (Wang and Ding, 2023;Wu et al, 2023;Zhang and Ran, 2023), and haze pollution (Zhou et al, 2021;Che and Wang, 2022;Sun et al, 2022;Zhao et al, 2022).…”