Resource Allocation for Multiuser Molecular Communication Systems Oriented to the Internet of Medical Things

Abstract

Communication between nano-machines is still an important topic in the construction of the Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT). Currently, molecular communication (MC) is expected to be a promising technology to realize IoBNT. To effectively serve the IoBNT composed of multiple nano-machine clusters, it is imperative to study multiple-access MC. In this paper, based on the molecular division multiple access technology, we propose a novel multi-user MC system, where information molecules with different diffusion coefficients are first employed. Aiming at the user fairness in the considered system, we investigate the optimization of molecular resource allocation, including the assignment of the types of molecules and the number of molecules of a type. Specifically, three performance metrics are considered, namely, min-max fairness for error probability, max-min fairness for achievable rate, and weighted sum rate maximization. Moreover, we propose two assignment strategies for types of molecules, i.e., best-to-best (BTB) and best-to-worst (BTW). Subsequently, for a two-user scenario, we analytically derive the optimal allocation for the number of molecules when types of molecules are fixed for all users. By contrast, for a threeuser scenario, we prove that the BTB and BTW schemes with the optimal allocation for the number of molecules can provide the lower and upper bounds on system performance, respectively. Finally, numerical results show that the combination of BTW and the optimal allocation for the number of molecules yields better performance than the benchmarks.

Coding in Diffusion-Based Molecular Nanonetworks: A Comprehensive Survey

“…Multiuser communication with multiple transmitters and/or multiple receivers [317], [318] has received very limited attention so far. To the best of our knowledge, only [210], [211], [230], [231] have considered multiple transmitters in the context of Reed-Solomon channel coding [210], [211], see Section V-C, and in the context of spatial coding [230], [231], see Section VIII-C. Future research should develop and evaluate a full set of coding techniques for a wide range of multiuser DBMC nanonetworks, which have significant potential for addressing critical communication problems [319]- [321].…”

Rescaled Brownian Motion of Molecules and Devices in Three-Dimensional Multiuser Mobile Molecular Communication Systems

“…Furthermore, the channel estimation with equalization for the estimation of various physical parameters can also be applied considering multiple Txs and Rxs [83]. Thus, assuming the known system parameters, the molecular resource allocation can be done in two steps to avoid the cumbersomeness in the simulation [48]. First, we assign the different types of ICMs to each Rx, and secondly, the number of ICMs is allotted to the corresponding Rx.…”

“…First, we assign the different types of ICMs to each Rx, and secondly, the number of ICMs is allotted to the corresponding Rx. We note that in contrast to the work [48], where the received signal comprising current and previously transmitted bits was considered, in this work, we take the impact of all the previously transmitted bits in the reception of the current bit. Furthermore, the user fairness is achieved in terms of mobility of Rxs, i.e., high mobile Rx considered as worst user and low mobile Rx is best user.…”

“…However, some works [45], [46] have incorporated the space-division multiple access was proposed for multiuser MC system. Recently, in [48], authors have proposed the molecular division multiple access (MDMA) considering static Rxs. As per the authors' knowledge, none of the aforementioned works and references therein have analyzed the mobile multi-user MC system considering anomalous diffusion of ICM, which can be a closer practical assumption for the targeted drug delivery like potential application.…”

An Extended Kalman Filter for Distance Estimation and Power Control in Mobile Molecular Communication

“…In molecular communication (MC), molecules are employed as information carriers, where information can be encoded by the concentration of molecules, the type of molecules, or the the time of release of the molecules. Aside from its role in nanonetworking and and potential nanomedical advances [1], [2], MC has been employed to model the spread of infectious diseases via aerosols during the COVID-19 pandemic [3], [4].…”