Resistome and a Novelbla_NDM-1-Harboring Plasmid of anAcinetobacter haemolyticusStrain from a Children's Hospital in Puebla, Mexico

Abstract

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex isolates have been frequently associated with hospital and community infections, with A. baumannii being the most common. Other Acinetobacter spp. not belonging to this complex also cause infections in hospital settings, and the incidence has increased over the past few years. Some species of the Acinetobacter genus possess a great diversity of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, such as efflux pumps, porins, and resistance genes that can be acquired and disseminated by mobilizable genetic elements. By means of whole-genome sequencing, we describe in the clinical Acinetobacter haemolyticus strain AN54 different mechanisms of resistance that involve bla OXA-265 , bla NDM-1 , aphA6, aac(6')-Ig, and a resistance-nodulation-cell division-type efflux pump. This strain carries six plasmids, of which the plasmid pAhaeAN54e contains bla NDM-1 in a Tn125-like transposon that is truncated at the 3¢ end. This strain also has an insertion sequence IS91 and seven genes encoding hypothetical proteins. The pAhaeAN54e plasmid is nontypable and different from other plasmids carrying bla NDM-1 that have been reported in Mexico and other countries. The presence of these kinds of plasmids in an opportunistic pathogen such as A. haemolyticus highlights the role that these plasmids play in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes, especially against carbapenems, in Mexican hospitals.

Characterization of Three Porcine Acinetobacter towneri Strains Co-Harboring tet(X3) and blaOXA-58

“…It has been demonstrated that a 4609-bp circular intermediate occurs in p34AB ( He et al., 2020b ). IS 91 was previously considered a rare element in the transfer of resistance genes, but it has been increasingly detected in recent studies ( Bello-López et al., 2019 ).…”

Rectal Colonization and Nosocomial Transmission of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an Intensive Care Unit, Southwest Nigeria

“…Mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems in A. baumannii include overexpression of efflux Abbreviations: AMR, Antimicrobial resistance; CRAB, Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; GHRU, Global Health Research Unit; IC, International clone; ICU, Intensive care unit; MLST, Multi-locus sequence typing; OAUTHC, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex; OR, Odds ratio; SNP, Single nucleotide polymorphism; UCH, University College Hospital; VFDB, Virulence factor database; WGS, Whole genome sequencing. pumps, membrane porin modification and, most prominently, possession of resistance genes, particularly the OXA-and NDMtype carbapenemases, which are borne on either plasmids or chromosomes (2,10,11). Resistance to carbapenems is associated with the successful and globally disseminated major A. baumannii clones, international clones (ICs) 1-3, with very high resistance rates reported (12).…”

Chromosome Architecture and Gene Content of the Emergent Pathogen Acinetobacter haemolyticus

“…To study the genome architecture of the emerging pathogen A. haemolyticus , we constructed a data set consisting of the genome sequences of 31 Mexican isolates described here and a previously sequenced Mexican A. haemolyticus ( Bello-López et al, 2019 ) (in total, 9 Mexican strains now have finished chromosomes) and 19 putative A. haemolyticus complete genome sequences available in NCBI RefSeq database (4 of them were finished assemblies), which were isolated from hospitals in different countries. To confirm the species designation of all the genomes in the collection, and to detect equivalent strains, we calculated the average nucleotide identity (ANI) between all genome pairs.…”

“…A. haemolyticus has been implicated in serious infections, frequently in those linked to the nosocomial environment ( Ko et al, 2007 ; Gundi et al, 2009 ; Turton et al, 2010 ; Fu et al, 2012 ; Schleicher et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2014 ; Jeong et al, 2016 ). Moreover, recent reports indicate that this pathogen is acquiring very efficient carbapenem-resistance determinants, such as the bla NDM-1 gene, worldwide ( Fu et al, 2012 ; Jones et al, 2015 ; Bello-López et al, 2019 ; Jiang et al, 2019 ). All these characteristics suggest that A. haemolyticus may have the potential to become a threatening pathogen, following a path similar to that of A. baumannii .…”

“…In this work, we analyzed the genome sequences of a collection of 31 newly sequenced A. haemolyticus isolates obtained from different Mexican hospitals and a previously sequenced Mexican strain ( Bello-López et al, 2019 ). Additionally, we added 12 complete genomes of A. haemolyticus isolates from other parts of the world from RefSeq.…”