Resistant Starch Contents of Native and Heat‐Moisture Treated Jackfruit Seed Starch

Abstract

Native jackfruit seed starch (JFS) contains 30% w/w type II resistant starch (RS2) and can potentially be developed as a new commercial source of RS for food and pharmaceutical application. Heat-moisture treatment (HMT) was explored as a mean to increase RS content of native JFS. The effect of the conditions was tested at varied moisture contents (MC), temperatures, and times. Moisture levels of 20–25%, together with temperatures 80–110°C, generally resulted in increases of RS amount. The highest amount of RS (52.2%) was achieved under treatment conditions of 25% MC and 80°C, for 16 h (JF-25-80-16). FT-IR peak ratio at 1047/1022 cm−1 suggested increases in ordered structure in several HMT-JFS samples with increased RS. SEM showed no significant change in the granule appearance, except at high moisture/temperature treatment. XRD revealed no significant change in peaks intensities, suggesting the crystallinity within the granule was mostly retained. DSC showed increases in T g and, in most cases, ΔT, as the MC was increased in the samples. Slight but significant decreases in ΔH were observed in samples with low RS, indicating that a combination of high moisture and temperature might cause partial gelatinization. HMT-JFS with higher RS exhibited less swelling, while the solubility remained mostly unchanged.

The Effect of Citric Acid on Physicochemical Properties of Hydrophilic Carboxymethyl Starch-Based Films

“…Crosslinking of CMS has been performed to produce hydrogels for potential application in metal ions removal from water [3,4], as pharmaceutical gelling agent and emulsion stabilizer [5], tablet disintegrant [6], or for drug delivery systems [7,8]. The crosslinking agents were dichloroacetic acid [4,5], phosphorous oxychloride [3], epichlorohydrin [9], sodium trimetaphosphate [10], or polyfunctional carboxylic acids [11].…”

Resistant Starch from Exotic Fruit and Its Functional Properties: A Review of Recent Research

“…Amylose contents of jackfruit seed RS exhibited a correlation trend with RS content. Jackfruit seed treated with heat-moisture treatment with higher RS demonstrated less swelling, while the solubility remained unchanged [45]. In addition, Madruga et al [12] observed that the swelling power and solubility of jackfruit seed starch increased with increase in temperature, showing opaque pastes.…”

“…The jackfruit seeds have been well documented to contain an average of above 60% dry basis of starch [44]. Native jackfruit seed can contain a reasonable amount of type II RS due to its relatively high amylose content 24-32% [45]. Jackfruit seed starch is widely used in many manufactured food products as it provides a gelling property that is suitable for various baked products [46].…”

“…Kittipongpatana and Kittipongpatana [45] applied heat-moisture treatment to increase the yield of type II resistant jackfruit seed starch. It was reported that the native jackfruit seed contained approximately 30% w/w of type II RS and this amount was successfully increased to 52.2% w/w through heat-moisture treatment under the conditions of 25% moisture content, heating at 80°C for 16 h. In addition, thermal profile of the jackfruit seed RS showed an increase in the gelatinisation temperature as the moisture content was increased in the samples.…”

Carboxymethyl Starch/Medium Chain Fatty Acid Compositions: Rheological Changes During Storage and Selected Film Properties

“…[1,2] Moreover, its aqueous solutions can be used as binders for sand foundry [3][4][5] wood, [6] drilling mud, [7,8] DOI: 10.1002/star.201900240 or production of electrorheological fluids. [9,10] Viscosity of CMS solutions is a very important factor in many applications and it can be regulated by, for example, optimization of starch etherification parameters, [11,12] slight crosslinking [13,14] or additive incorporation, for example clays, into solutions. [13,15] CMS is safe and non-toxic, so it can be used for cosmetics or medicine.…”