Resistant hypertension

Moke, Emuesiri Goodies; Ekuerhare, B; Enaohwo, MT; Asiwe, Jerome Ndudi; Ofulue, OO; Umukoro, EK; Isibor, NP

doi:10.22270/jddt.v12i3-s.5372

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, hypertension could be resistant (remain elevated) despite concurrent use of antihypertensive medications, resulting in suboptimal response (Acelajado et al, 2019;Moke et al, 2022). Most patients require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure control (Frohlich, 2011).…”

Section: Pharmacological Management Of Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus and its pharmacotherapy

Moke,

Demaki,

Daubry

et al. 2023

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Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are common comorbidities, as hypertension is reported to be twice as frequent in diabetic patients as people who are non- diabetics. In diabetic condition, the risk and progression of cardiac disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, retinopathy, and nephropathy is greatly increased in the presence of hypertension. Persistent increase in blood pressure termed hypertension, can be either primary hypertension (essential hypertension) or secondary hypertension in nature. Primary or essential hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure caused by inherited factors which are characteristic of essential hypertension whereas identifiable causes such as chronic kidney diseases, endocrine disorders, constriction of the kidney arteries, or the use of drugs are among the etiology of secondary hypertension. Diabetes causes hyperinsulinemia which increases the risk of hypertension. This condition increases the amount of sodium that the body absorbs. It also promotes the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Treatment of both conditions is crucial as they are considered risk factors for coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal failure and congestive heart failure. In any age group, a considerable increase in systolic blood pressure causes a significant increase in cardiovascular disease. To achieve sufficient blood pressure control, most people with hypertension and diabetes require more than one medication. This review is aimed to discuss hypertension and diabetes mellitus comorbidities and their treatment.

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Section: Pharmacological Management Of Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus and its pharmacotherapy

Moke,

Demaki,

Daubry

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…excessive salt and low potassium consumption, as well as a lack of physical exercise) (Mills, 2016). Another reason may be as a result of suboptimal outcome even with wellconstructed antihypertensive treatment regimens (resistant hypertension) (Acelajado et al, 2019;Carey 2020;Moke et al, 2022). However, variations in hypertension prevalence levels are not consistent over the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antihypertensive medications are chemical substances used to prevent and treat excessive blood pressure (Jackson and Bellamy, 2015;Alawode et al, 2021). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and beta-blockers are the most widely prescribed antihypertensive medication groups (Khalil and Zeitser, 2020;Moke et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Drugs Therapy in Hypertension and Covid-19 Comorbidity

Moke,

Ahama,

Toloyai

et al. 2023

BIOMEDNATPROCH

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The novel coronavirus (CoV) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 outbreak began at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has spread to over 200 countries. Many comorbidities have shown to be associated with the severity of the viral infection with hypertension being one of the highest rated comorbidities since loss of the ACE2 receptor due to SARS-Cov-2 infection can lead to increased blood pressure. The effects and clinical characteristics associated with the use of beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium-channel blockers (CCB) shows not to affect the outcome of covid-19, except in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) which may have negative outcomes on covid-19 infected patients. Many comorbidities have shown to be associated with the severity of the viral infection.

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“…Some allopathic agents applied in the management of hypertension include; adrenergic antagonists (alpha and beta receptor blockers) like prazosin and atenolol, centrally acting sympatholytic agents (alphamethyldopa, guanabenz and clonidine), calcium channel blockers (nifedipine and amlodipine), diuretics (hydrochlorothiazides), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors -ACEI (lisinopril and ramipril), angiotensin receptor antogonists -ARA (losartan and valsartan) and the aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone and eplerenone) have been extensively reported to elicit adverse effects like dry cough, severe hypotension, depressed libido and sometimes erectile dysfunction (Landazuri et al, 2017;Olowofela and Isah, 2017;Moke et al, 2022); as such, the antihypertensive effect achieved with these agents is always short lived. In addition to the arrays of these side effects, virtually all these antihypertensive agents are cost implicative, creating a huge burden in the purse of affected lowincome earners worldwide (Lacy et al, 2008;Pr et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigative Study on the Blood Pressure-Lowering Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca (AESG) on Normotensive Adult Wistar Rats

et al. 2022

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Studies have shown that plants possess medicinal properties and compounds are beneficial in managing and treating diseases, including high blood pressure and related cardiovascular conditions. Simarouba glauca (SG) has been widely reported to possess antibacterial activity, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and hemolytic activity; amongst others. However, there is paucity of data on its effect on blood pressure. Hence, the study research aimed at assessing the hypotensive prospect inherent in the aqueous leaf extract of Simarouba glauca (AESG) on normotensive male Wistar rats. The study was conducted using adult male Wistar rats (n = 3), a urethane/thiopental (1205/20 mg/kg) anesthesia and a chart paper attached to Ugo Basile Uni-recorder Model 400700 data capsule. Under full anesthesia, the ratâ€™s trachea and the carotid artery were cannulated for assisted respiration and blood pressure measurement. At stable variables; following the administration of 0.2 mL normal saline, the AESG was administered intravenously via the caudal vein at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg body weight dose respectively. The data was recorded on a chart; indicated the characteristic dose-dependent hypotensive effect of AESG on normotensive rats; at doses of 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg, with marked decreases in the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) from basal levels of 127.83 Â± 1.01 mmHg, 91.00 Â± 1.00 mm Hg and 103.27 Â± 0.99 mm Hg respectively. The outcome of the preliminary investigation indicates that the AESG demonstrated a hypotensive effect on the BP of normotensive male Wistar rats dependent on varying doses administered; indicative of further evaluation.

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Resistant hypertension

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

Coexistence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus and its pharmacotherapy

Coexistence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus and its pharmacotherapy

Antihypertensive Drugs Therapy in Hypertension and Covid-19 Comorbidity

Preliminary Investigative Study on the Blood Pressure-Lowering Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca (AESG) on Normotensive Adult Wistar Rats

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