Resistance to synthetic pyrethroid pour‐on insecticides in strains of the sheep body louse Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis

Johnson, P. W.; Boray, J. C.; Dawson, KL

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1992.tb09927.x

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Boray et al (13) showed a strong correlation between the dose response curves obtained in the in vitro bioassay and reduction in louse numbers achieved in saturation dipping trials in Australia, indicating the usefulness of the test as an indicator of field resistance. Furthermore, B. ovis strains that have resistance factors greater than 4 in the in vitro test generally have a greater chance offailure when a pour-on SP treatment is used in the field (14). There is a lack of equivalent field data for New Zealand strains of B. ovis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A preliminary investigation into resistance to synthetic pyrethroids by the sheep biting louse (Bovicola ovis) in New Zealand

Wilson

Heath

Quilter

et al. 1997

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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Increasing reports of failure of synthetic pyrethroids for the control of Bovicola ovis on sheep lead to a preliminary investigation into the insecticide resistance status of this pest during 1994. Eighteen strains of lice from North and South Island flocks experiencing failure of synthetic pyrethroid treatments to control lice were exposed to cypermethrin (high-cis) in a treated surface (contact) bioassay. Lice from a group of hermit sheep were chosen as a reference susceptible strain against which resistance of field strains was measured and resistance factors (RFs) calculated. Low to moderate resistance to cypermethrin (high-cis) was demonstrated, with RFs ranging from 1.0 to 12.4.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A preliminary investigation into resistance to synthetic pyrethroids by the sheep biting louse (Bovicola ovis) in New Zealand

Wilson

Heath

Quilter

et al. 1997

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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“…There can be no doubt that pour-on formulations exacerbated the risk (Johnson et al 1992) but experience with pyrethroid and IGR resistance in sheep lice highlights the fact that increased reliance on any particular insecticide class brings with it the danger of greater possibility of resistance development. This is especially true of insecticides that can be used in both short-and long-wool sheep because of the longer interval over which lice might be exposed to an insecticide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Organophosphate resistance (Shanahan & Hart 1966) means that diazinon was a poor choice against blowfly but effectiveness against sheep body lice, Bovicola ovis (Schrank) is excellent with resistance apparently rare (Levot 1994). Topical application via shower or plunge (immersion) dipping in diazinon solution was usually the treatment of choice when resistance to low-volume pyrethroid concentrate 'backline' products (Levot & Hughes 1990;Johnson et al 1992;Levot et al 1995) diminished the effectiveness of these products. Recently, increasing reports of failures with benzoylphenyl urea insect growth regulator (IGR) backlines have increased with resistance confirmed in several populations (Levot et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Speed of action and in vitro efficacy of spinosad against sheep body lice, Bovicola ovis (Schrank) (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae), resistant to pyrethroid, organophosphate or insect growth regulator insecticides

Levot¹

2008

Australian Journal of Entomology

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Results of laboratory bioassays indicated that spinosad was equally effective against sheep lice populations that were susceptible to insecticides or resistant to pyrethroid, organophosphorus or insect growth regulator (IGR) insecticides. Spinosad had similar toxicity against susceptible strains of lice to that previously reported for diazinon, but lower toxicity than cypermethrin. Lethal concentrations of spinosad and diazinon caused knock down of lice within 6 h of exposure and death within 24 h. Prior to the current phasing out of diazinon as a sheep dip, most wool producers, needing to control pyrethroid-or IGR-resistant lice infestations in short-wool, would have chosen to use diazinon. Our results suggest that spinosad is an effective alternative for treatment of lice resistant to other chemical groups.

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“…This is seen particularly clearly in the control of lice (Johnson et al, 1992;James et al, 1993;Levot, 1995;Ellse et al, 2012), mites (Beugnet et al, 1997) and ticks (Foil et al, 2004). In addition, restrictions on the use of some insecticides, such as organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids, because of 234 L. Ellse and R. Wall metabolites are volatile molecules of low molecular weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of essential oils in veterinary ectoparasite control: a review

Ellse

Wall

2013

Medical Vet Entomology

120

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There is a growing body of evidence indicating the potential value of essential oils as control agents against a range of arthropod ectoparasites, particularly lice, mites and ticks. Toxicity has been demonstrated following immersion and physical contact with treated surfaces, as well as after exposure to the vapour of these oils; the last of these factors implies that there is a neurotoxic, rather than simply a mechanical, pathway in their mode of action. However, the volatile nature of essential oils suggests that their residual activity is likely to be short-lived. A possible advantage of essential oils over conventional ectoparasite treatments may refer to their reported ovicidal efficacy, although it is unclear whether this results from neurotoxicity or mechanical suffocation. There are many difficulties in comparing the findings of existing studies of essential oil toxicity. One major issue is the wide variation among batches in the relative concentrations of oil constituents. A second issue concerns the fact that many experimental designs make it difficult to confirm that the effect seen is attributable to the oil; in many cases inappropriate controls mean that the effects of the excipient on mortality cannot be distinguished. Hence, it is important that an excipient-only control is always included in these bioassays. Furthermore, in direct contact assays, when attempting to identify the toxicity pathway of the essential oil tested, it is important to include a hydrophobic control. Without this, it is impossible to distinguish simple mechanical effects from neurological or other cellular toxicity. The use of essential oils in the control of veterinary ectoparasites is an area which holds considerable potential for the future and research into their use is still at an early stage. More extensive field trials, the standardization of components, the standardization of extraction, the standardization of good experimental design, mammalian toxicology profiling and excipient development, as well as further investigation into the residual activities and shelf-lives of these oils are all required to allow the full realization of their potential.

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Resistance to synthetic pyrethroid pour‐on insecticides in strains of the sheep body louse Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

A preliminary investigation into resistance to synthetic pyrethroids by the sheep biting louse (Bovicola ovis) in New Zealand

A preliminary investigation into resistance to synthetic pyrethroids by the sheep biting louse (Bovicola ovis) in New Zealand

Speed of action and in vitro efficacy of spinosad against sheep body lice, Bovicola ovis (Schrank) (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae), resistant to pyrethroid, organophosphate or insect growth regulator insecticides

The use of essential oils in veterinary ectoparasite control: a review

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