Resistance to Fusarium head blight in spring barley

Abstract

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease causing substantial yield and quality losses in barley. Genetic variation in deoxynivalenol (DON) content and and important yield traits in response to FHB were studied in 44 spring barley cultivars for two years following artificial inoculation with Fusarium culmorum under field conditions. The analysis of variance revealed that the largest effect on DON content and simultaneously on the reduction of thousand grain weight and grain weight per spike were due to the environmental conditions of the year, while the visual disease symptoms depended on the cultivars to a larger extent. All these traits were significantly interrelated. The most resistant cultivars Murasski mochi, Nordic, Krasnodarskij 35, Krasnodarskij 95, Nordus, and Usurijskij 8, together with the resistant check Chevron, showed the lowest DON content, the lowest expression of disease symptoms and the lowest reduction of TGW and GWS. However, most spring barley cultivars registered in the Czech Republic in recent years expressed susceptibility or medium resistance and were considerably affected by the disease. This increases the importance of breeding barley for resistance to FHB.

Effect of Fusarium culmorum Tri Gene Transcription on Deoxynivalenol and D3G Levels in Two Different Barley Cultivars

“…The barley Pedant had previously been determined as susceptible to Fusarium infection (Chrpová et al. ).…”

“…) and F. culmorum (Chrpová et al. ). The low accumulation of DON is consistent with the small increase in pathogen within the infected samples of Chevron identified by qPCR using the hydrolysis probe.…”

“…The two cultivars had previously been reported as differing in the extent of their resistance to the pathogen under field conditions (Chrpová et al. ). We focused on determining pathogen response by monitoring changes in transcription of the Tri genes in relation to pathogen content and accumulation of mycotoxins (DON, D3G) in the host plants.…”

Evaluación de líneas de cebada maltera a fusariosis de la espiga y acumulación de deoxinivalenol

“…En este ciclo las líneas del sublote 02A (líneas de dos hileras) se encontraron muy precoces y entre ellas destacó la línea 94 por haber registrado el mayor índice IFHB (29), seguida de la línea 6 (23) del sublote Elite y de la línea 33 (18) del sublote 01. Estas tres líneas registraron nivel 3 (18-30 %) en la escala de severidad (Chrpová et al, 2011) e incidencia de 0 a 100%. En el Cuadro 4 se ilustra la clasificación de 56 líneas por tipo de respuesta R, MR o S para el ciclo 2015.…”

Ability of source material to form promising lines and varieties of spring barley

“…Зважаючи на те, що весь процес створення сорту займає біля 12 років, селекціонеру бажано зарані мати якнайповнішу інформацію про вихідний матеріал. Тому особлива увага приділяється питанню добору вихідного матеріалу в різних напрямах селекції ячменю -за стійкістю до біотичних чинників [1,2,3], якістю продукції [4,5,6,7,8], підвищеною урожайністю [9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. У світі здійснюються дослідження вихідного матеріалу як за традиційними, так і за новими селекційно-генетичними методами [3,16,17,18,19,20,21].…”