Resistance to extinction and behavioral momentum

Nevin, John A.

doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.02.006

Cited by 56 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…When all reinforcers are delivered intermittently, Equation 3 can account for data showing that responding in a richer multiple-schedule component is more resistant to extinction than in a leaner component, consistent with the findings described above for disruptors other than extinction (e.g., VI 120/hr vs VI 30/hr, as in the left panel of Figure 1; for overview see Nevin, 2012). However, with different parameter values – smaller c and larger d – Equation 3 can account for data showing the reverse ordering found in single schedules where more frequent reinforcement reduces resistance to extinction, as expected from the PREE (right panel of Figure 1; see Cohen, Riley, & Weigle, 1993).…”

Section: Resistance To Extinctionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Quantitative models of persistence and relapse from the perspective of behavioral momentum theory: Fits and misfits

Nevin

Craig

Cunningham

et al. 2017

Behavioural Processes

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We review quantitative accounts of behavioral momentum theory (BMT), its application to clinical treatment, and its extension to post-intervention relapse of target behavior. We suggest that its extension can account for relapse using reinstatement and renewal models, but that its application to resurgence is flawed both conceptually and in its failure to account for recent data. We propose that the enhanced persistence of target behavior engendered by alternative reinforcers is limited to their concurrent availability within a distinctive stimulus context. However, a failure to find effects of stimulus-correlated reinforcer rates in a Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer (PIT) paradigm challenges even a straightforward Pavlovian account of alternative reinforcer effects. BMT has been valuable in understanding basic research findings and in guiding clinical applications and accounting for their data, but alternatives are needed that can account more effectively for resurgence while encompassing basic data on resistance to change as well as other forms of relapse.

show abstract

Section: Resistance To Extinctionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Quantitative models of persistence and relapse from the perspective of behavioral momentum theory: Fits and misfits

Nevin

Craig

Cunningham

et al. 2017

Behavioural Processes

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it is unlikely that differential extinction would influence responding because partial or intermittent reinforcement schedules, like the one used in the PRT, are generally resistant to extinction, an effect known as the partial reinforcement extinction effect. 37, 38 Thus, the task parameters used in the present study were sufficient to allow for the development of a response bias that was mediated by the differential and partial reinforcement schedules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Assessment of reward responsiveness in the response bias probabilistic reward task in rats: implications for cross-species translational research

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder, are characterized by abnormal reward responsiveness. The Response Bias Probabilistic Reward Task (hereafter referred to as probabilistic reward task (PRT)) quantifies reward responsiveness in human subjects, and an equivalent animal assessment is needed to facilitate preclinical translational research. Thus, the goals of the present studies were to develop, validate and characterize a rat analog of the PRT. Adult male Wistar and Long–Evans rats were trained in operant testing chambers to discriminate between two tone stimuli that varied in duration (0.5 and 2 s). During a subsequent test session consisting of 100 trials, the two tones were made ambiguous (0.9 and 1.6 s) and correct identification of one tone was reinforced with a food pellet three times more frequently than the other tone. In subsequent experiments, Wistar rats were administered either a low dose of the dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist pramipexole (0.1 mg kg−1, subcutaneous) or the psychostimulant amphetamine (0.5 mg kg−1, intraperitoneal) before the test session. Similar to human subjects, both rat strains developed a response bias toward the more frequently reinforced stimulus, reflecting robust reward responsiveness. Mirroring prior findings in humans, a low dose of pramipexole blunted response bias. Moreover, in rats, amphetamine potentiated response bias. These results indicate that in rats, reward responsiveness can be quantified and bidirectionally modulated by pharmacological manipulations that alter striatal dopamine transmission. Thus, this new procedure in rats, which is conceptually and procedurally analogous to the one used in humans, provides a reverse translational platform to investigate abnormal reward responsiveness across species.

show abstract

“…higher magnitudes or a preferred quality) should produce more persistence than stimulus contexts that are related to fewer deliveries (i.e. lower magnitudes or less preferred quality) of reinforcers (Nevin, 1974(Nevin, , 2012. BMT also states that operant persistence in a particular context reflects the value of the reinforcer-related stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early social isolation increases persistence of alcohol-seeking behavior in alcohol-related contexts

Cortés-Patiño

Serrano

Garcia-Mijares

2016

Behavioural Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social conditions during rearing are well known to affect adult alcohol consumption, but few experiments have explored the effects of social conditions on behaviors that are related to alcohol dependence, such as the persistence of alcohol seeking. This study compared the effects of isolation (ISO) and interaction (INT) rearing on the persistence of alcohol-seeking behavior. Rats were trained to lever press for a solution of 10% alcohol diluted in water. They were then exposed to a two-component multiple schedule of reinforcement (baseline). Responses in one component were reinforced by a higher rate of alcohol delivery (rich component, variable interval 15 s) and responses in the other component were reinforced by a lower rate of delivery (lean component, variable interval 45 s). The persistence of lever pressing in the presence of each stimulus was then assessed during extinction. The results from baseline showed that response rates in rats in both groups were higher in the rich component than in the lean component, but ISO rats responded significantly more than INT rats in both components. The persistence of responding during extinction in ISO rats in both components was also higher than that in INT rats. The results show that effects of ISO are not restricted to alcohol consumption, but also affect persistence of alcohol-seeking behavior, which may reflect differences in the value of drug-related stimuli.

show abstract

Resistance to extinction and behavioral momentum

Cited by 56 publications

References 27 publications

Quantitative models of persistence and relapse from the perspective of behavioral momentum theory: Fits and misfits

Quantitative models of persistence and relapse from the perspective of behavioral momentum theory: Fits and misfits

Assessment of reward responsiveness in the response bias probabilistic reward task in rats: implications for cross-species translational research

Early social isolation increases persistence of alcohol-seeking behavior in alcohol-related contexts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About