Resistance of concrete against combined attack of chloride and sulfate under drying–wetting cycles

Chen, Yanjuan; Gao, Jianming; Tang, Luping; Li, Xue

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.151

Cited by 164 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Its effects are associated with the pressure exerted by the crystallization of mirabilite (Na 2 SO 4 10H 2 O), a decahydrate . The greatest rise in weight, >8%, observed in the 90 days OPC specimens exposed to seawater, was attributed to salt formation …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability and chromatic behavior in cement pastes containing ceramic industry milling and glazing by‐products

et al. 2018

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The decay in mortar and concrete induced by extremely aggressive agents is normally the result of the agent‐binder reaction. Cement composition and characteristics therefore determine the durability of the mortars and concretes of which they form part. The existing legislation envisages the use of different types of additions in cement, which have a direct effect on the durability of elements in buildings and civil works. This study addressed the inclusion of ceramic industry milling and glazing sludge as an active addition in cement. The reuse of this industrial waste is consistent with environmental policies that seek to reduce or eliminate spoil heaps by recycling industrial waste and byproducts as raw materials, in keeping with circular economy principles. The research conducted makes an innovative contribution to the valorization of this waste, and highlights the resistance of blended cement pastes to chemical agents, further to the Koch‐Steinegger method. Water‐induced decay in freeze/thaw situations was also studied. The processes involved were identified by analyzing the mineralogical variations detected with X‐ray diffraction, the morphological alterations observed with scanning electron microscopy and the mercury porosimetric findings on pore size distribution. The suitability of these binders for aesthetically demanding applications was also explored by measuring the color in pastes exposed to aggressive chemical agents. For the first time, a correlation was established between color parameters and the formation of the reaction products generated during chemical attack.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability and chromatic behavior in cement pastes containing ceramic industry milling and glazing by‐products

et al. 2018

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“…Figure 1 shows the experimental flow for chloride penetration into concrete with various internal RH values and the concrete w/c used in this section was 0.5. Referring to the related references and standard [25,26], 5% NaCl solution was used in the chloride penetration test. Observing from Figure 1(a) when the internal RH of concrete was 50-80%, the cube specimen was first placed into a small specimen with the size of 100 mm × 100 mm × 25 mm, to rapidly reach the targeted internal RH in concrete; and then the specimens were, respectively, placed in a vacuum saturation meter which contained 5% NaCl solution and water, and the duration of vacuum filling water was 24 h; in this case, some specimens titled A were saturated with 5% NaCl solution, and the other specimens titled B were saturated with water.…”

Section: Experiments For Chloride Penetration Into Concrete Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloride Penetration into Concrete under the Coupling Effects of Internal and External Relative Humidity

Fang

Ming-min

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Chloride penetration frequently happens in an unsaturated concrete; in this case, the chloride migration is under the coupling effects of internal moisture and external relative humidity (RH). Various chloride attack tests were designed in this paper to investigate the effects of internal moisture and external RH (50–100%) on the chloride penetration into an unsaturated concrete, and the chloride content was determined to quantify the chloride migration in concrete. The results highlighted that there was a good correlation between the chloride penetration into concrete and its internal RH. The chloride ion was difficult to penetrate into concrete when its internal RH was below 50%; however, the chloride penetration rate increased when the internal RH of concrete was above 75%, and the chloride migration increased with increasing RH and exposure duration. Water evaporation in concrete increased with decreasing external RH, and an obvious increase in the surface chloride content may be observed when external RH was 50%; however, when external RH was above 75%, the inner chloride content increased and surface chloride content decreased with increasing exposure duration. Simulating the chloride penetration under wet-dry cycling, the water migration resulted in an increase in the surface chloride content and a decrease in the inner chloride content, and the chloride crystal precipitated on the surface of concrete with a high w/c ratio.

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“…제설제는 눈의 응고열을 빼앗아 어 는점을 낮춰주는 효과가 있으며, 주로 염화나트륨과 염 화칼슘이 사용된다. 하지만 제설제의 주성분인 염화물이 콘크리트 표면으로부터 침투하여 구조물에 열화를 발생 시키는 사례가 급증하고 있다 20) . 이러한 열화현상은 침투 된 염소 이온이 철근의 부동태막을 파괴시켜 철근을 부 식시키고, 팽창된 철근의 팽창압에 의해 콘크리트에 균 열을 야기시켜 열화를 더욱 가속화 시킨다 [4][5][6][7] .…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Influence of Air Void Characteristic on Chloride Diffusion Coefficient and Compressive Strength of Concrete using Urea and Sulfur

Kim¹,

Hong²,

Jeon³

2016

Journal of the Korean Society of Safety

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: This study presents the effect of urea and sulfur admixture on compressive strength, chloride diffusion coefficient, and internal void distribution of concrete. Compressive strength of concretes with urea admixture by 5% increased by 5% relative to Control. However, that of concretes with urea admixture over 10% decreased. Chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete with urea and sulfur admixture decreased by 40% relative to Control. Additionally, the volume of internal void of concrete with urea and sulfur admixture decreased by 20% relative to Control. Therefore, it can be mentioned from test results that the use of adequate urea and sulfur admixture improves the mechanical properties and durability of concrete.

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Resistance of concrete against combined attack of chloride and sulfate under drying–wetting cycles

Cited by 164 publications

References 24 publications

Durability and chromatic behavior in cement pastes containing ceramic industry milling and glazing by‐products

Durability and chromatic behavior in cement pastes containing ceramic industry milling and glazing by‐products

Chloride Penetration into Concrete under the Coupling Effects of Internal and External Relative Humidity

Influence of Air Void Characteristic on Chloride Diffusion Coefficient and Compressive Strength of Concrete using Urea and Sulfur

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