Resilient to Stress: Proposed a Novel Type E Personality

Abstract

Stress responses vary with individual differences in sensitivity to stressful stimulus. Individuals with stress susceptible personalities are facing an increased risk for developing various stress-related diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms, gene variants and personality are the key factors associated with individual differences. Although many studies have reported stress susceptible personalities and stress resilient personality, its underlying neural and hormonal mechanism have not been investigated yet. In this study we propose a new type E personality which turns stressful stimulus into eustress by positive perspectives. Type E personality, characterized by optimistic perspective, gratitude, charity work, social support, altruistic, religious activities and affective communication is closely associated with enhancing stress resilience through modulating immune, neuronal and endocrine systems.

Predictors of Psychosomatic Health during the first COVID-19 Outbreak in Greece. A Multiple Linear Regression Analysis in an Epidemiological Sample of 1,156 Individuals

“…[72][73][74] Another consideration regarding PR is that it may turn a 'negative' stimulus to a 'neutral' if not to a 'positive' one. To be specific, PR may contribute firstly to experience 'eustress' instead of 'distress', under the same stressful event, [75] and secondly to increase Aaron Antonovsky's 'salutogenenic model' and the 'sense of coherence'. [76]…”