Resiliensi Sosial Dari Perspektif Sosiologi: Konsep Dan Aplikasinya Pada Komunitas Nelayan Kecil

Abstract

In recent years, resilience has received the most attention from various parties. The concept which was initially better known in the ecological field, then also developed in the social field, so that the term social resilience is known. Some social scientists have made a definition of social resilience, but it still needs to be criticized from the standpoint of sociology. This paper aims to discuss the concept of social resilience from the perspective of sociology. Furthermore, the second purpose of this paper is to describe the resilience of small fishing communities in a village in Banyuwangi as an example application of the social resilience concept discussed. The method used to achieve the first objective is by reviewing relevant writings to discuss social resilience from a sociological point of view. Meanwhile, the second objective was discussed using data from the results of the field study, which was conducted using a qualitative approach. According to the author, social resilience can be defined as the ability of a social system to maintain its social integrity or integration, when and / or after being interrupted, both from within and from outside. Furthermore, at the empirical level, this study shows that the small fishing community in Lampon, Banyuwangi has a high social resilience, which is shown by remaining intact this community despite and has been experiencing various pressures and threats, including climate change and tsunami disasters.
 
 Dalam beberapa tahun belakangan ini, resiliensi mendapat perhatian yang besar dari berbagai pihak. Konsep yang awalnya lebih dikenal di bidang ekologi ini, kemudian juga berkembang juga di bidang sosial, sehingga dikenal istilah resiliensi sosial. Beberapa ilmuwan sosial telah membuat definisi resilensi social, namun terasa masih perlu dikritisi dari sudut pandang sosiologi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas konsep resiliensi sosial tersebut dari perspektif sosiologi. Selanjutnya, tujuan yang kedua dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan resiliensi komunitas nelayan kecil di satu desa di Banyuwangi sebagai contoh aplikasi dari konsep resiliensi sosial yang telah dibahas. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan pertama adalah dengan me-review tulisan yang relevan untuk membahas tentang resiliensi sosial ditinjau dari sudut pandang sosiologi. Sementara itu, tujuan kedua dibahas dengan menggunakan data hasil studi lapang, yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Menurut penulis, resiliensi sosial dapat didefinisikan sebagai kemampuan suatu sistem sosial untuk mempertahankan keutuhan atau integrasi sosialnya, pada saat dan/atau setelah mendapat gangguan, baik dari dalam maupun dari luar. Selanjutnya, pada tataran empiris, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas nelayan kecil di Lampon, Banyuwangi memiliki resiliensi sosial yang tinggi, yang ditunjukkan dengan tetap utuhnya komunitas ini sekalipun telah dan sedang mengalami berbagai tekanan dan ancaman, termasuk perubahan iklim dan bencana tsunami.

The Role of Social Media and Local Wisdom to Puger Fishermen's Social Resilience on Sea Accidents

“…Social resilience is the ability and capacity of a social system to maintain its social integrity or integration, during and after being disturbed, both from internal and eksternal (Kinseng, 2019). Furthermore, at the empirical level in this study, social resilience is needed in dealing with the frequent occurrence of sea accidents that occur in Pelawangan Puger.…”

Resilensi Petani Garam Rakyat dalam Mempertahankan Usaha Ekonomi Di Desa Kedung Malang, Kecamatan Kedung, Kabupaten Jepara

“…Resiliensi yang dilakukan oleh petani garam untuk mempertahankan usaha pertanian garam yang dimiliki merupakan resiliensi sosial. Resiliensi sosial merupakan suatu kemampuan sistem sosial dalam mempertahankan integrasi sosialnya ketika sedang mengalami kesulitan atau setelah mengalami kesulitan (gangguan atau hambatan) yang berasal dari dalam maupun dari luar lingkungan sosialnya (Rilus A. Kinseng, 2019). Resiliensi sosial sendiri bersifat relasional karena dipengaruhi atau berkaitan dengan relasi kekuasaan dan relasi sosial lainnya yang berhubungan dengan lingkungan alam.…”

Covid-19 Pandemic and Identity Negotiation (Phenomenological Study about Mapur’s Social Resilience in Bangka – Indonesia)

“…Social resilience emphasizes social relations as seen by Weber as social action. This study aims to see the meaning of social resilience as stated by Rilus A Kinseng (2019). Social resilience is defined as "the ability of a social system to maintain its social integrity or integration, during and/or after being disturbed, both from within and from outside" (Kinseng, 2019).…”

“…This study aims to see the meaning of social resilience as stated by Rilus A Kinseng (2019). Social resilience is defined as "the ability of a social system to maintain its social integrity or integration, during and/or after being disturbed, both from within and from outside" (Kinseng, 2019). Kinseng places more emphasis on aspects of social integration and social relations as well as internal and external disturbances.…”

“…Kinseng places more emphasis on aspects of social integration and social relations as well as internal and external disturbances. Furthermore, Kinseng (2019) explains that social resilience is also influenced by external factors in the form of other social entities (Nath et al; Suharyanto et al). For example, a disaster-stricken community will receive support from outside parties such as the government, state-owned enterprises, the private sector which can affect social resilience.…”