Resilience assessment methodologies and enhancement strategies of multi‐energy cyber‐physical systems of the distribution network

Abstract

Natural disasters and cyber intrusions threaten the normal operation of the critical Multi‐Energy Systems (MESs) infrastructures. There is still no universally‐accepted definition of MESs resilience under the integration of cyber and physical, and lack of a widely accepted methodology to quantify and assess the resilience in MESs. Hence, this paper introduces an extensive review of the state‐of‐the‐art research of power systems’ resilience. Then, this work proposes the definition of the Multi‐Energy Cyber‐Physical Systems (MECPSs) resilience and its related characteristics. To improve the resilience of MECPSs, this paper investigates extreme natural disaster models and analyses the vulnerability of the system to find the key constraint factors. Furthermore, this work presents the qualitative assessment curve, quantitative indexes, and assessment framework of the MECPSs resilience. Finally, the key improvement measures for the planning and operation of MECPSs resilience and the focus of future research are presented.

Power System Resilience: The Role of Electric Vehicles and Social Disparities in Mitigating the US Power Outages

“…In terms of the disaster occurrence time, resilience metrics are categorized into three groups: (1) resilience-based planning as long-term metrics enhancing power systems' resilience such as power system management and hardware designs, network reconstruction schemes, and underground cables [44], (2) resilience-based response [45] as short-term preventive actions like emergency and day-ahead measures, and (3) resilience-based restoration as short-term measures performing all system recovery actions [46]. To effectively gauge the resiliency of the power systems, many studies investigated the resilience evaluation metrics and planning approaches under the following two qualitative [47,48] and quantitative categories [49][50][51]. Quantitative analysis, typically deriving from sources like historical data, design criteria, climate models, or lab tests, alongside qualitative evaluations, are based on the survey from experts, managers, operators, community leaders, and public decision-makers [52].…”

“…Qualitative resilience metrics assess the system's resilience by a set of descriptive metrics such as high, medium, and low accessibility, as well as availability [47], and are generally categorized into conceptual frameworks and semi-quantitative metrics. Conceptual frameworks study the fundamental resilience components including absorption, adaptive, and recovery capacity [48].…”

Impact of implementing emergency demand response program and tie-line on cyber-physical distribution network resiliency

“…The theoretical model of cyber-physical distribution network is associated with modeling the incidence matrix and analyzing network topology. According to a network graph theory and matrix operation model, the model of a physical information network is constructed as follows 2 ; where, is the set of cyber-physical DN nodes. is the connection matrix between two nodes, is the connection state between node and node , when there's a link between node and node , otherwise .…”

“…These kinds of incidents cause massive losses and severe damage. For example, in the United States, the damage cost due to extreme weather events is about 25$-75$ billion a year 2 . Seven of the ten significant storms occurred in the last ten years, and each event caused damages of over 1-billion dollars 3 .…”

“…Many researchers have been carried out to measure the distribution network resiliency for maintaining a reliable and efficient operation under extreme weather incidents. The resilience metrics can be generally classified into qualitative and quantitative approaches 2 , 5 . In 12 , a quantitative approach can be classified as 1) Electrical service class, such as total customer energy not served, and 2) Monetary class, such as total outage cost and avoided outage cost.…”