Resilience and cognitive biases mediate the relationship between early exposure to traumatic life events and depressive symptoms in young adults

Prevalence, dimensionality and clinical relevance of self‐disturbances and psychotic‐like experiences in Polish young adults: a latent class analysis approach.

“…The Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale (CESD‐R) (Eaton, Smith, Ybarra, Muntaner, & Tien, ) was used to measure current depressive symptomatology according to DSM‐IV‐R criteria for a major depressive episode and to identify possible cases of depressive disorders in the general population. Due to the length of this scale and the nature of our study we used a short version of the scale that consists of 5 items with the highest correlations with the total score and was validated in previous studies (Mętel et al, , in press). We used a Polish version of the questionnaire (Jankowski, ).…”

Factors influencing cognitive reactivity among young adults at high risk for depression in China: a cross-sectional study

“…In recent years, young adults aged 18 to 35 years are increasingly recognized as a population group significantly affected by depression [3]. It is estimated that approximately 25% of young adults experience depressive symptoms and 2.5% of these meet the criteria for a major depressive episode, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) major depressive disorder (MDD) criteria [4].…”

“…In 2016, it was ranked by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the single largest contributor to global disability [2]. Depression has historically been viewed as a condition affecting older adults [3]; however, many patients experience their first episode early in life. individuals, including body mass index (BMI) for adolescents (weight in kilograms divided by the square of the person's height in meters [kg/m 2 ]) [12], depression status and number of previous episodes for recurrent MDD [13,14], neuroticism [15], negative life events [9], and rumination [16].…”

“…Enhancing self-compassion, resilience, and social support for young adults and reducing negative life events, neuroticism, and poor sleep may help decrease CR. These findings may help healthcare providers or researchers determine how to cultivate and improve the CR of young adults by establishing documented policies and/or improving intervention efficacies.In recent years, young adults aged 18 to 35 years are increasingly recognized as a population group significantly affected by depression [3]. It is estimated that approximately 25% of young adults experience depressive symptoms and 2.5% of these meet the criteria for a major depressive episode, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) major depressive disorder (MDD) criteria [4].Despite existing evidence-based treatments for major depression, it remains a chronic and recurrent illness, with 85% of people who experience a single episode experiencing another within 15 years [5].High rates of depression that remain undetected further enhance its debilitating effects, with over 72.3% of individuals with depression not even being aware of their problem [6].…”

“…Among those who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for major depression, 10% to 35% experience episodes of low mood or subthreshold depression that significantly impair their quality of life. These alarming statistics underscore the importance of identifying signs of depression in young adults and identifying those at risk of depression, which may provide clinical targets for depression prevention and early interventions [3].The etiology of depression is complex, with no single underlying cause. According to Beck's cognitive model, individuals with depression typically experience cognitive distortions and dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs, which tend to decrease but can be reactivated by dysphoric mood.…”