Residues of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in fatty foods of the Canadian diet

Wh, Newsome; Dj, Davies; Wf, Sun

doi:10.1080/02652039809374596

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Ringed seal blubber, beluga skin, and beluga blubber in northern Canada contain average total PCB concentrations of 1,283, 145, and 5,000 ng/g wet weight, respectively (19,20), which is much higher than that in the diet of the general population (21). Thus, the Inuit population may be exposed to large doses of PCBs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (OH-PCBs) and other chlorinated phenolic compounds in whole blood from Canadian inuit.

Sandau

Ayotte

Dewailly

et al. 2000

Environ Health Perspect

180

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In this study, we identified the main hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) and other chlorinated phenolic compounds and we determined their relative concentrations in whole blood from 13 male and 17 female Inuit from northern Quebec, Canada, and from a pooled whole blood sample from southern Quebec. We also determined concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Total OH-PCB concentrations were variable among the Inuit samples, ranging over 2 orders of magnitude (0.117-11.6 ng/g whole blood wet weight). These concentradions were equal to and up to 70 times those found for the southern Quebec pooled whole blood sample. Geometric mean concentrations of tota OH-PCBs were 1.73 and 1.01 nglg whole blood for Inuit men and women, respectively, and 0.161 nglg whole blood for the southern population pool. There are limited data available for comparison, but the levels of OH-PCBs in Imuit are higher thn those previously reported in the literature for other populations. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.005) between OH-PCBs and PCBs (r = 0.84) and both correlated significandy (p < 0.005) with age (r= 0.68 and 0.78, respectively). The ratio of OH-PCBs to PCBs was lower in Inuit (0.11) than in the southern Quebec pool (0.33). There is no apparent explanation for the difference. There was considerable variability in the congener pattem of the identified OH-PCBs. The main metabolite, 4-OH-CB109 (4-0H-2,3,3',4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl), constituted 12-62% of the total OH-PCBs in the samples. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was the dominant phenolic compound in blood, constituting 46% (geometric mean) of the total quantitated chlorinated phenolic compounds. PCP concentrations in Imuit blood ranged from 0.558 to 7.77 ng/g on a wet weight basis. All but two Inuit samples had lower concentrations than the southern Quebec pool (6.29 ng/g). The possible role of OH-PCBs in mediating PCB-induced adverse effects needs to be investigated fiuther.

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (OH-PCBs) and other chlorinated phenolic compounds in whole blood from Canadian inuit.

Sandau

Ayotte

Dewailly

et al. 2000

Environ Health Perspect

180

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“…Due to their lipophilicity, these compounds preferentially bioaccumulate and biomagnify in higher trophic levels of the food chain. 2,3 Newsome et al 4 have previously reported a mean dietary intake of 5.7 ng polychlorinated biphenyl congeners=kg body weight=day for Canadians between 1992 and 1996. Consequently, although the use of these substances has been banned or restricted in Western countries, they are still found in virtually every person on the planet and might cause adverse effects in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in plasma pollutant levels in response to weight loss in humans is related to in vitro subcutaneous adipocyte basal lipolysis

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE:To examine whether weight loss-induced changes in in vitro basal lipolysis of subcutaneous abdominal and femoral fat cells were related to those in plasma organochlorine levels. DESIGN: A 15 week weight loss program induced by a moderate caloric restriction. SUBJECTS: Seventeen men and 20 women (age 36 -50 y, body fat 25 -50%). MEASUREMENTS: In vitro basal lipolysis of subcutaneous abdominal and femoral adipocytes and plasma levels of five polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (Aroclor 1260, PCBs 118, 138, 153 and 180) and three chlorinated pesticides (dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (p,p 0 -DDE), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB)) were measured before and after the weight reducing program. RESULTS: Both genders showed a similar reduction in body weight ( $ 11 kg) in response to treatment, although men lost significantly more fat mass than women (mean AE s.d., 9.4 AE 4.1 vs 5.9 AE 5 kg, respectively, P < 0.05). Mean basal fat cell lipolysis did not vary before and after weight reduction, regardless of depots and genders. In response to weight loss, significant increases of all organochlorines investigated were observed in men, whereas only p,p 0 -DDE, Aroclor 1260, PCBs 153 and 180 significantly rose in women. In men, higher the increase in basal lipolysis of subcutaneous abdominal or femoral adipocytes, greater the rise in plasma levels of most pollutants (HCB, Aroclor 1260, PCBs 118, 138 and 153) was in response to weight loss (0.51 < r < 0.70, P < 0.05). Similar positive correlations were also observed in women but only a few reached statistical significance (p,p 0 -DDE, PCBs 118 and 180). CONCLUSION: The weight loss-induced increase in plasma pollutant levels is related to the rise in subcutaneous abdominal and femoral adipocyte basal lipolysis, especially in men.

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“…The Canadian Total Diet Study (CTDS) has been ongoing since 1969 to monitor pesticides (Smith 1971, Smith et al 1972, 1973, 1975, McLeod et al 1980, Conacher et al 1989, Newsome et al 2000, persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (Newsome et al 1998) and trace elements (Dabeka and McKenzie1995) in the Canadian food supply for use in human health assessments. The study involves the retail purchase of foods representing 99% of the average Canadian diet from an individual city (Newsome et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study involves the retail purchase of foods representing 99% of the average Canadian diet from an individual city (Newsome et al 1998). Each year, samples are collected from a different city as part of a total diet study cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian Total Diet Study in 1998: Pesticide levels in foods from Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, and corresponding dietary intake estimates

Rawn

Cao

Doucet

et al. 2004

Food Additives and Contaminants

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The Canadian Total Diet Study is a national survey to determine the level of chemical contaminants in the Canadian food supply. Food samples were collected from Whitehorse, Yukon, supermarkets as part of the study in 1998. Whitehorse was chosen as a sampling centre, despite its small population (n = 19,000), to determine if residue levels were different in foods available in northern communities relative to levels observed in previous studies in the more populated south. Foods were prepared as for consumption before pesticide residue analysis. Residue levels observed in most foods were similar to levels observed in samples from previous surveys from southern Canadian cities. Malathion and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), a transformation product of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl(ethane), were the two most frequently detected compounds (26.4 and 25.8%, respectively). The majority of pesticides, however, had a detection frequency of < 5%. In general, pesticides in food composites were well below maximum residue limits established in the Canadian Food and Drug Regulations. Chlorpropham and captan had the highest dietary intakes (2.16 and 1.94 micrograms (kg body weight-day)-1, respectively), based on the results from Whitehorse. No dietary intakes above the acceptable daily intakes, however, were observed for any of the 39 pesticides investigated in any age-sex category, where an acceptable daily intake has been proposed.

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Residues of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in fatty foods of the Canadian diet

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (OH-PCBs) and other chlorinated phenolic compounds in whole blood from Canadian inuit.

Analysis of hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (OH-PCBs) and other chlorinated phenolic compounds in whole blood from Canadian inuit.

Increase in plasma pollutant levels in response to weight loss in humans is related to in vitro subcutaneous adipocyte basal lipolysis

Canadian Total Diet Study in 1998: Pesticide levels in foods from Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, and corresponding dietary intake estimates

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