Residual pattern of acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl in perilla leaf grown under greenhouse conditions using ultra performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detector with tandem mass confirmation

Na, Tae Woong; Rahman, Md. Musfiqur; Park, Jong-Hyouk; Yang, Angel; Park, Ki Hun; El‐Aty, A. M. Abd

doi:10.1007/s13765-012-2101-x

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…All these factors led to complex matrices. To overcome the inference problems, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection (LC/UVD) is best (Farha, Rahman, Abd El‐Aty, Jung, et al, ; Farha, Rahman, Abd El‐Aty, Kim, et al, ; Liu et al, ), and to tackle suppression problems, the appropriate method might be LC associated with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) (S. W. Kim, Abd El‐Aty, et al, ; S. W. Kim, Rahman, et al, ; Na et al, ; Pan et al, ; Park et al, ; Rahman et al, ; Yang et al, ). Suppression problems increase the limits of quantification (LOQ) to equal to the MRL, which is expected to be 1/10.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even with an appropriate pre‐harvest interval between the last pesticide application and harvest time, residues may exist and pose a potential risk. Therefore, residual levels of pesticides in foodstuffs are often regulated to reduce the harmful or unnecessary intake of pesticides by consumers (Na et al, ). Several countries have specifically established their own MRLs for pesticides in various foodstuffs.…”

Section: Maximum Residue Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Farha

El‐Aty

Rahman

et al. 2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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The category of 'leafy vegetables' comprises a wide range of plants, including cabbage, lettuce, leeks, spinach, Swiss chard and kale, and it forms a significant component of the human diet. Typically, leafy vegetables are low in calories and fat, are great sources of vitamins, protein, dietary fibre and minerals (including iron, calcium, and nitrates), and are rich in phytochemicals. To counter the impact of pests on vegetables, a broad variety of pesticides are used. Because of their large surface areas, leafy vegetables are expected to have high residual pesticide levels. As such, a sound analytical approach is needed to detect and quantify residue levels that are equal to or lower than the maximum residue limits, thus rendering the products safe for consumption. Overall, leafy vegetables consumed raw (after a tap water wash only), boiled or steamed contribute 2% of total vegetable consumption globally, and they might have a comparatively greater influence on health than cereal ingestion. Consequently, in this review paper, we highlight the importance of leafy vegetables, the pesticides that are commonly used on them and various analytical techniques, including sample preparation, extraction, clean-up and final detection. The effects on dissipation patterns, pre-harvest residue limits and safety/risks imposed by various pesticides are also reviewed and discussed. In conclusion, environmentally friendly extraction methods coupled with high-throughput techniques with greater reproducibility and lower uncertainty are needed for quantifying residues in leafy vegetables at very low concentrations. Commercial and household food preparation, such as washing, peeling, blanching and cooking are effective in removing most of the pesticide residues that are loosely attached on vegetables.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maximum Residue Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Farha

El‐Aty

Rahman

et al. 2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl residues in the above foodstuffs were extracted according to an established procedure (Na et al 2012) with slight modification. Briefly, three aliquots of 5.0 g of each homogenized sample (accurate to 0.01 g) were weighed into 50-mL centrifuge tubes.…”

Section: Extraction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were far more than the LOQs of this method, indicating the suitability of the proposed method for sensitive detection of acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl in foodstuff. The analytical performance of the proposed method was compared with other previous methods (Caboni et al 2004;Lee and Lee 2012;Na et al 2012) from the viewpoints of separation time, detection limit and precision, which is demonstrated in Table 3. First of all, the proposed UHPLC-MS/ MS method showed a significant advantage on time over other HPLC methods.…”

Section: Analytical Figures Of Meritmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LOQ for acequinocyl was relatively high (0.33 μg mL −1 ). In addition, Shim et al developed a rapid method for monitoring acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl, which involved ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and DAD with confirmation via tandem mass spectrometry (Na et al 2012). The separation was achieved in less than 10 min, and the LOQs by this method were both 50 μg kg −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Acequinocyl and Hydroxyacequinocyl Residues in Food by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Separation and Tandem Mass Spectrometric Detection

et al. 2014

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A sensitive method for the quantification of acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl in foodstuff (beef, chicken muscle and liver, fish, peach, cucumber, Chinese cabbage and broad bean) was developed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl were found to be stable in the presence of formic acid at low temperature (−18°C) in the dark. The target compounds in solid food samples were successively extracted by acetonitrile containing 0.5 % (v/v) formic acid, and then cleaned up by using Florisil columns, and then evaporated to near dryness under a nitrogen stream at 40°C, and finally dissolved in acetonitrile containing 0.5 % (v/v) formic acid. No matrix effect was observed from any foodstuff. Linear calibration curves with correlation coefficients of 0.9996 for acequinocyl and 0.9998 for hydroxyacequinocyl over the same range 2 to 100 μg L −1 were obtained. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were both superior to 3 % (N=10) for 5 μg L −1 . The method detection limits were 1.4 μg kg −1 for acequinocyl and 1.3 μg kg −1 for hydroxyacequinocyl. The method quantification limits were 4.6 and 4.3 μg kg −1 , respectively, which were at least five times lower than their maximum residue limits for food. Neither acequinocyl nor hydroxyacequinocyl was detected in any foodstuff. The recoveries at spiked levels of 5, 10, and 50 μg kg −1 varied in the ranges 81-100 % for acequinocyl and 77-103 % for hydroxyacequinocyl in the foodstuffs, validating the accuracy of the proposed method.

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Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation approach for pesticide residue analysis using traditional detectors in chromatography: A review

Rahman

El‐Aty

Kim

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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In pesticide residue analysis, relatively low-sensitivity traditional detectors, such as UV, diode array, electron-capture, flame photometric, and nitrogen-phosphorus detectors, have been used following classical sample preparation (liquid-liquid extraction and open glass column cleanup); however, the extraction method is laborious, time-consuming, and requires large volumes of toxic organic solvents. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method was introduced in 2003 and coupled with selective and sensitive mass detectors to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. Compared to traditional detectors, mass spectrometers are still far more expensive and not available in most modestly equipped laboratories, owing to maintenance and cost-related issues. Even available, traditional detectors are still being used for analysis of residues in agricultural commodities. It is widely known that the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method is incompatible with conventional detectors owing to matrix complexity and low sensitivity. Therefore, modifications using column/cartridge-based solid-phase extraction instead of dispersive solid-phase extraction for cleanup have been applied in most cases to compensate and enable the adaptation of the extraction method to conventional detectors. In gas chromatography, the matrix enhancement effect of some analytes has been observed, which lowers the limit of detection and, therefore, enables gas chromatography to be compatible with the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method. For liquid chromatography with a UV detector, a combination of column/cartridge-based solid-phase extraction and dispersive solid-phase extraction was found to reduce the matrix interference and increase the sensitivity. A suitable double-layer column/cartridge-based solid-phase extraction might be the perfect solution, instead of a time-consuming combination of column/cartridge-based solid-phase extraction and dispersive solid-phase extraction. Therefore, replacing dispersive solid-phase extraction with column/cartridge-based solid-phase extraction in the cleanup step can make the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method compatible with traditional detectors for more sensitive, effective, and green analysis.

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Residual pattern of acequinocyl and hydroxyacequinocyl in perilla leaf grown under greenhouse conditions using ultra performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detector with tandem mass confirmation

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Determination of Acequinocyl and Hydroxyacequinocyl Residues in Food by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Separation and Tandem Mass Spectrometric Detection

Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation approach for pesticide residue analysis using traditional detectors in chromatography: A review

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