Residual Limbs of Amputees Are Significantly Cooler than Contralateral Intact Limbs

Harden, R. Norman; Gagnon, Christine; Gallizzi, Michael A.; Khan, Anjum; Newman, D.

doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2008.00216.x

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…PTC and skin temperature may differ in diabetic patients because of peripheral nerve dysfunction and reduced blood flow, with supportive evidence that the most pronounced sensory deficit in the diabetic foot is elevated cold perception test scores [22]. Although no difference in residual limb temperature was found in a study of those with dysvascular (n = 10) versus traumatic (n = 21) amputation [7], additional study of skin temperature and PTC using larger samples of participants with diabetic versus traumatic amputation is warranted. Additionally, we intended to measure four distinct thermistor locations on the residual limb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Prior work demonstrated that while standing for at least 15 min without a prosthesis at room temperature, the residual limb skin temperature of participants with amputation was on average 1°C cooler than the contralateral limb [7]. After donning a prosthesis and resting for 15 min, residual limb skin temperatures increased by just under 1°C, with further increases after 10 min of slow walking at room temperature [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without a prosthesis, the residual limb of a person with amputation is on average 1°C cooler than the contralateral limb [7], suggesting that maintaining lower skin temperatures through improved socket technology may be warranted. A prior study examined residual limb skin temperatures (n = 9) during a 30 min walking session in a moderate ambient room temperature (~20°C) and reported a 3°C increase in skin temperature followed by little cooling (<1°C) after prolonged rest (60 min) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residual limb skin temperature and thermal comfort in people with amputation during activity in a cold environment

Segal

Klute

2016

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-Thermal comfort remains a common problem for people with lower-limb amputation. Both donning a prosthesis and engaging in activity at room temperature can increase residual limb skin temperature; however, the effects of activity on skin temperature and comfort in more extreme environments remain unknown. We examined residual limb skin temperatures and perceived thermal comfort (PTC; 11-point Likert scale) of participants with unilateral transtibial amputation (n = 8) who were snowshoeing in a cold environment. Residual limb skin temperature increased by 3.9°C (3.0°C to 4.7°C) (mean difference [95% confidence interval], p < 0.001) after two 30 min exercise sessions separated by a 5 min rest session. Minimal cooling (0.2°C [-1.1°C to 0.6°C]) occurred during the rest period. Similar changes in PTC were found for the residual limb, intact limb, and whole body, with a mean scale increase of 1.6 (1.1 to 2.1) and 1.3 (0.8 to 1.8) for the first and second exercise sessions, respectively (p < 0.001). Activity in a cold environment caused similar increases in residual limb skin temperature as those found in studies conducted at room temperature. Participants with amputation perceived warming as their skin temperature increased during exercise followed by the perception of cooling during rest, despite minimal associated decreases in skin temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Residual limb skin temperature and thermal comfort in people with amputation during activity in a cold environment

Segal

Klute

2016

J Rehabil Res Dev

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“…However, several articles in the literature report an abnormal sympathetic [1,3,5] and parasympathetic [21] activity in the residual-limb region, even without reporting PLP [4]. Therefore, it seems that PLP is not a condition for developing abnormalities in ANS function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Among all the causes hypothesized as triggers of PLP, one relates to the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This cause is based on abnormal sympathetic activity on the residual limb, which affects sympathetic-efferent outflow of cutaneous vasoconstrictor fibers, skin temperature, and sympathetic impulse pattern [1,[3][4] even in subjects without pain [4]. Moreover, Katz reports that increases in the intensity of PL paresthesiae follow bursts of sympathetic activity in the residual-limb neuromas while decreases correspond to periods of relative sympathetic activity [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability and phantom pain in male amputees: Application of linear and nonlinear methods

Cachadiña¹,

García²,

Luz³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-Phantom-limb pain (PLP) is a phenomenon that may appear among people with amputation. Some studies reveal that 70% of people with amputation experience PLP years postamputation. There is a lack of scientific evidence about the cause of PLP. It has been hypothesized that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) could be involved in the mechanism that triggers PLP, but this hypothesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to correlate ANS function, through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, with PLP in adult males with amputation. The study population comprised 35 subjects, with 27 reporting PLP often or always. The rest of the subjects did not report any PLP. In order to calculate linear and nonlinear parameters of HRV, all subjects underwent 10 min of resting heart rate monitoring. The study did not find correlations between HRV parameters and PLP. Most of the subjects showed decreased values in linear parameters of HRV while nonlinear values were normal. HRV is not implicated in PLP. Linear and nonlinear methods for HRV analysis might reflect different physiological phenomena; while linear values place people with amputation at cardiovascular risk, nonlinear values indicate normality.

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Phantom Limb Pain

Candido

Chien

McCormick

2014

Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences

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Residual Limbs of Amputees Are Significantly Cooler than Contralateral Intact Limbs

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Residual limb skin temperature and thermal comfort in people with amputation during activity in a cold environment

Residual limb skin temperature and thermal comfort in people with amputation during activity in a cold environment

Heart rate variability and phantom pain in male amputees: Application of linear and nonlinear methods

Phantom Limb Pain

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